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排序方式: 共有145条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Kannan Rassiah M. M. H. Megat Ahmad Aidy Ali Abd Halid Abdullah Sasitharan Nagapan 《Journal of Polymers and the Environment》2018,26(4):1328-1342
This study investigated the application of bamboo as a natural composite, in which its potential as a composite material had been examined for 2–6 layers. In precise, the woven bamboo (BW) formed the culm fiber composite with an average of 0.5 mm thickness and 5.0 mm width strip. In addition, this study looked into a specific type of bamboo species known as Gigantochloa Scortechinii (Buluh Semantan), which can be found in Malaysia. This laminated plain BW, which had been reinforced with epoxy (EP), was developed by applying the hand lay-up technique. After that, the specimens were characterized via mechanical analyses, for instance, tensile, flexural, hardness, and impact tests. As a result, the 2-layer BW had displayed rather excellent results chiefly due to the incorporation of epoxy composite, although this is exceptional hardness value. 相似文献
2.
Kannan K Tanabe S Iwata H Tatsukawa R 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》1995,90(3):279-290
Concentrations of butyltin residues were determined in muscle tissue of fish collected from local markets and sea food shops in India, Bangladesh, Thailand, Indonesia, Vietnam, Taiwan, Australia, Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. Contamination levels were determined in the Asia-Pacific region and human exposure was estimated. Similarly, corresponding liver samples of fish muscle collected in Australia, Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands were analyzed to obtain information on partitioning of butyltin compounds between muscle and liver tissues. Butyltin compounds were detected in most of the samples which suggested widespread contamination in Asia and Oceania. The concentrations of butyltin compounds were, on average, an order of magnitude higher in liver than in muscle. Residue concentration of Sigmabutyltin in liver was found to be correlated significantly (p < 0.02) with those in muscle. Intensive ship-scrapping activities, sewage disposal and antifouling paints are considered the major sources of butyltins in this region. Increased proportions of MBT over DBT and TBT in samples from most locations indicated degradation of TBT to MBT in fish tissues during storage at 4 degrees C in the dark over 1-2 years. The possibility that fish have been subject to increased exposure to MBT and that TBT degrades to MBT quite rapidly in tropical environments are also considered. Butyltin concentrations in fish from Asia and Oceania were lower than those reported for Japan, Canada and the USA. Although the number of samples analyzed from each country was small, it is tentatively suggested that intake of butyltins by humans via consumption of fish in these countries was < 25% of the tolerable daily intake of 250 ng kg bw(-1) day(-1). To our knowledge, this is the first study reporting on butyltin pollution in developing Asian countries. 相似文献
3.
Jebakumar SR Kannan N Subramanian BR Jayaraman J 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》1989,61(3):227-234
Thirty-day-old seedlings of rice plants (IR-20 variety) from the nursery were transplanted into experimental plots and after 52 days were sprayed with phosphamidon (Dimecron 85% EC) at two dose-rates (0.38 kg a.i. ha(-1) and 0.76 kg a.i. ha(-1)). Residues of phosphamidon in the plant, soil and water were analysed by GLC, at various time intervals, and were found to decrease steadily up to 15 days. A second application of the pesticide was made on day 113 and grains harvested on day 138. The residue level in the plants was 0.12 microg g(-1) and in the grains 0.04 microg g(-1) with the high dose. This is slightly below the EPA prescribed tolerance level of 0.05 microg g(-1). The residues in both soil and water were very low, 24 h after spraying. 相似文献
4.
Taniyasu S Kannan K Holoubek I Ansorgova A Horii Y Hanari N Yamashita N Aldous KM 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2003,126(2):169-178
Technical polychlorinated byphenyl (PCB) preparations--Delors 103, 104, 105, and 106--produced in the former Czechoslovakia were analyzed for their chlorobiphenyl (CB), chloronaphthalene (PCN) and chlorinated dibenzofuran (PCDF) composition and content using high resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry techniques. The congener patterns of Delors 103, 104, 105, and 106 resembled Aroclors 1242, 1248, 1254, and 1260. Delors contained PCNs and PCDFs, as impurities, at microgram per gram concentrations. Concentrations of PCNs and PCDFs in Delors were greater than those found in the corresponding Aroclors. The potential for the emissions of PCNs and PCDFs from Delor was estimated to be 3680 and 860 kg, respectively. Non- and mono-ortho PCBs were the major contributors to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) equivalents in Delor mixtures. 相似文献
5.
Tansy CL Senthilkumar K Pastva SD Kannan K Bowerman WW Masunaga S Giesy JP 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2003,83(1):17-33
In South Carolina, U.S.A., mink have been reintroduced from two apparently healthy populations to areas where populations haveexisted in the past but have been extirpated. High mortality wasobserved during transport of mink from the source populations. Inorder to elucidate the potential effects of dioxin-like compoundson the survival and reproduction of mink, concentrations of totalpolychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), p,p-DDE, dioxin-likePCBs, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), anddibenzofurans (PCDFs) were measured in livers of mink collectedfrom the source populations in South Carolina and Louisiana. Concentrations of total 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxinequivalents (TEQs) for the South Carolina and Louisiana mink were21 and 14 pg g-1, wet wt., respectively. PCB and TEQ concentrations were close to the threshold values that can, under laboratory conditions, elicit toxic effects in ranchmink. Therefore, any additional exposures of these populations toTEQs might adversely affect their populations. 相似文献
6.
Ganges River dolphin, Platanista gangetica gangetica, is one of the three obligatory freshwater dolphins in the world and is distributed in the Ganges–Brahmaputra–Meghna and Sangu–Karnaphuli River systems in India, Nepal, and Bangladesh. This species is facing considerable threats to its survival, and its population has dwindled from 4000 to 5000 in the early 1980s to 3500 in 2014 in the distribution range. This article reviews current status of the sub-species, habitat use, and the potential threats that the dolphins face for their survival (details of taxonomic status and genetics, evolutionary adaptations and anatomical peculiarities, physical adaptation, primitive characteristics, biology, behavior, surfacing behavior and dive times, mating and birth, and life span/age have been placed as Electronic Supplementary Materials). Recommendations have been made for the protection and developing strategies for the conservation of this Endangered and endemic sub-species.
Electronic supplementary material
The online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s13280-014-0534-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献7.
8.
Assessing seasonal and spatial trends of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in Indian agricultural regions using PUF disk passive air samplers 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Pozo K Harner T Lee SC Sinha RK Sengupta B Loewen M Geethalakshmi V Kannan K Volpi V 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2011,159(2):646-653
The first survey of persistent organic pollutant (POP) concentrations in air across several Indian agricultural regions was conducted in 2006-2007. Passive samplers comprising polyurethane foam (PUF) disks were deployed on a quarterly basis at seven stations in agricultural regions, one urban site and one background site. The project was conducted as a sub-project of the Global Atmospheric Passive Sampling (GAPS) Network. In addition to revealing new information on air concentrations of several organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), the study has demonstrated the feasibility of conducting regional-scale monitoring for POPs in India using PUF disk samplers. The following analytes were detected with relatively high concentrations in air (mean for 2006 and 2007, pg/m3): α- and γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) (292 and 812, respectively); endosulfan I and II (2770 and 902, respectively); p,p′-DDE and p,p′-DDT (247 and 931, respectively); and for the sum of 48 PCBs, 12,100 (including a site with extremely high air concentrations in 2007) and 972 (when excluding data for this site). 相似文献
9.
A new Swiss TIMES (The Integrated MARKAL–EFOM System) electricity model with an hourly representation of inter-temporal detail and a century-long model horizon has been developed to explore the TIMES framework’s suitability as a long-term electricity dispatch model. To understand the incremental insights from this hourly model, it is compared to an aggregated model with only two diurnal timeslices like in most MARKAL/TIMES models. Two scenarios have been analysed with both models to answer the following questions: Are there differences in model solutions? What are the benefits of having a high number of timeslices? Are there any computational limitations? The primary objective of this paper is to understand the differences between the solutions of the two models, rather than Swiss policy implication or potential uncertainties in input parameters and assumptions. The analysis reveals that the hourly model offers powerful insights into the electricity generation schedule. Nevertheless, the TIMES framework cannot substitute for a dispatch model because some features cannot be represented; however, the long model time horizon and integrated system approaches of TIMES provide features not available in conventional dispatch models. The methodology of the model development and insights from the model comparison are described. 相似文献
10.
Radjassegarin Arumugam Rengasamy Ragupathi Raja Kannan Kannan Rajasekaran Saravanan Thirunavukarasu Thangaradjou Perumal Anantharaman 《Environmental monitoring and assessment》2013,185(10):8411-8427
The aim of the study was to examine the spatial and temporal variations in the physicochemical parameters of seagrass meadows of the Gulf of Mannar, South India using multivariate statistical techniques, namely, cluster analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA), to explore the relationship. There were clear spatial and temporal variations in physicochemical variables of the seagrass meadow of the Gulf of Mannar, but such changes were subjected to seasonal variations especially during monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. The multivariate statistical techniques, viz., CA and PCA helped in the discrimination of islands according to the physicochemical parameters of the seagrass meadows. It was inferred that electrical conductivity, nitrate, particulate organic carbon, and phosphate strongly determined the discrimination of 19 islands, respectively, upon physicochemical characteristics of their seagrass meadows. These results highlight the important role of seagrasses in the Gulf of Mannar Marine Biosphere Reserve. 相似文献