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排序方式: 共有68条查询结果,搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
Application of a checklist for quality assistance in environmental modelling to an energy model 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
James Risbey Jeroen van der Sluijs Penny Kloprogge Jerry Ravetz Silvio Funtowicz Serafin Corral Quintana 《Environmental Modeling and Assessment》2005,10(1):63-79
Large, complex energy models present considerable challenges to develop and test. Uncertainty assessments of such models provide only partial guidance on the quality of the results. We have developed a model quality assistance checklist to aid in this purpose. The model checklist provides diagnostic output in the form of a set of pitfalls for the model application. The checklist is applied here to an energy model for the problem of assessing energy use and greenhouse gas emissions. Use of the checklist suggests that results on this issue are contingent on a number of assumptions that are highly value-laden. When these assumptions are held fixed, the model is deemed capable of producing moderately robust results of relevance to climate policy over the longer term. Checklist responses also indicate that a number of details critical to policy choices or outcomes on this issue are not captured in the model, and model results should therefore be supplemented with alternative analyses. 相似文献
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Tatiana Calvete Eder C. Lima Natali F. Cardoso Júlio C.P. Vaghetti Silvio L.P. Dias Flavio A. Pavan 《Journal of environmental management》2010,91(8):1695-1706
Activated (AC-PW) and non-activated (C-PW) carbonaceous materials were prepared from the Brazilian-pine fruit shell (Araucaria angustifolia) and tested as adsorbents for the removal of reactive orange 16 dye (RO-16) from aqueous effluents. The effects of shaking time, adsorbent dosage and pH on the adsorption capacity were studied. RO-16 uptake was favorable at pH values ranging from 2.0 to 3.0 and from 2.0 to 7.0 for C-PW and AC-PW, respectively. The contact time required to obtain the equilibrium using C-PW and AC-PW as adsorbents was 5 and 4 h at 298 K, respectively. The fractionary-order kinetic model provided the best fit to experimental data compared with other models. Equilibrium data were better fit to the Sips isotherm model using C-PW and AC-PW as adsorbents. The enthalpy and entropy of adsorption of RO-16 were obtained from adsorption experiments ranging from 298 to 323 K. 相似文献
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Unlike any other foraging phyllostomid bat studied to date, Poey’s flower bats (Phyllonycteris poeyi-Phyllostomidae) emit relatively long (up to 7.2 ms), intense, single-harmonic echolocation calls. These calls are readily
detectable at distances of at least 15 m. Furthermore, the echolocation calls contain only the first harmonic, which is usually
filtered out in the vocal tract of phyllostomids. The foraging echolocation calls of P. poeyi are more like search-phase echolocation calls of sympatric aerial-feeding bats (Molossidae, Vespertilionidae, Mormoopidae).
Intense, long, narrowband, single-harmonic echolocation calls focus acoustic energy maximizing range and favoring detection,
which may be particularly important for cruising bats, like P. poeyi, when flying in the open. Flying in enclosed spaces, P. poeyi emit short, low-intensity, frequency-modulated, multiharmonic echolocation calls typical of other phyllostomids. This is
the first report of a phyllostomid species emitting long, intense, single-harmonic echolocation calls with most energy in
the first harmonic. 相似文献
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Tatiane C. Dal Bosco Silvio C. Sampaio Silvia R. M. Coelho Natássia J. Cosmann Adriana Smanhotto 《Journal of environmental science and health. Part. B》2013,48(6):485-494
The application of swine wastewater to the soil for agricultural purposes results in the addition of total and dissolved organic matter to the soil, which may interfere with the dynamics of pesticides in the soil. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the application of total and dissolved organic matter from a biodigester and a treatment lagoon of swine wastewater in the adsorption and desorption of alachlor [2-chloro-2,6-diethyl-N(methoxymethyl acetamide)]. The assay was performed by the batch equilibrium method, and the results were fitted to the Freundlich model. The curve comparison test revealed a greater adsorption of alachlor in the soil treated with swine wastewater from the biodigester. The adsorption and desorption of alachlor increased in the soils where swine wastewater was added, and hysteresis was observed in all of the treatments. 相似文献
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La Notte Alessandra Tonin Stefania Nocera Silvio 《Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change》2019,24(6):1073-1100
Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change - Emission inventories are compiled at regional level. When these sources of information are used, uncertainty of emission estimates is never... 相似文献
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In the present work the effect of Hg2+ and Cu2+ on the level of cytosolic Ca2+ in mussel (Mytilus edulis L.) haemolymph cells were investigated by confocal microscopy and spectrofluorimetry utilizing the fluorescent dye Fluo3. In the blood cells of marine molluscs, exposure to Cu2+ and Hg2+ in the nanomolar and micromolar range causes a time-and concentration-dependent increase in the cytosolic Ca2+ level. Both the presence of a low-calcium containing medium and pretreatment of the cells with the channel blocker Verapamil greatly reduced the effects of higher (50 M) Hg2+ concentrations, this indicating that Hg2+ enhances the influx of extracellular Ca2+ partly through activation of voltage-dependent Ca2+ channels. Low concentrations of Hg2+ (1 M) and also of Cu2+ (0.5 M), an essential element, were able to induce a sustained increase in cytosolic Ca2+, which was not affected either by Verapamil pretreatment or by lowering the extracellular calcium concentration. These data indicate that in mussel haemocytes heavy metal cations impair Ca2+ homeostasis not only by affecting Ca2+ channels, but also by interfering with other mechanisms of calcium transport across cellular membranes, such as the Ca2+-ATPases. The resulting increase in cytosolic Ca2+ could activate Ca-dependent processes which may be involved in many of the biochemical and physiological alterations observed in the cells of metal-exposed mussels. Specimens used in these experiments were collected from the river Linker near Plymouth, U.K. in June 1991. 相似文献
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Silvio Fiala 《Die Naturwissenschaften》1953,40(14):391-392
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