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1.
Nicole Shumway Megan I. Saunders Sam Nicol Richard A. Fuller Noam Ben-Moshe Takuya Iwamura Sun W. Kim Nicholas J. Murray James E. M. Watson Martine Maron 《Conservation biology》2023,37(2):e14031
Biodiversity offsets aim to counterbalance the residual impacts of development on species and ecosystems. Guidance documents explicitly recommend that biodiversity offset actions be located close to the location of impact because of higher potential for similar ecological conditions, but allowing greater spatial flexibility has been proposed. We examined the circumstances under which offsets distant from the impact location could be more likely to achieve no net loss or provide better ecological outcomes than offsets close to the impact area. We applied a graphical model for migratory shorebirds in the East Asian–Australasian Flyway as a case study to explore the problems that arise when incorporating spatial flexibility into offset planning. Spatially flexible offsets may alleviate impacts more effectively than local offsets; however, the risks involved can be substantial. For our case study, there were inadequate data to make robust conclusions about the effectiveness and equivalence of distant habitat-based offsets for migratory shorebirds. Decisions around offset placement should be driven by the potential to achieve equivalent ecological outcomes; however, when considering more distant offsets, there is a need to evaluate the likely increased risks alongside the potential benefits. Although spatially flexible offsets have the potential to provide more cost-effective biodiversity outcomes and more cobenefits, our case study showed the difficulty of demonstrating these benefits in practice and the potential risks that need to be considered to ensure effective offset placement. 相似文献
2.
Yingqian Yang Chengcheng J. Fei Bruce A. McCarl 《Journal of the American Water Resources Association》2023,59(4):652-664
In the United States, thermal power plant electrical generators (EGs) are large water diverters and consumptive users who need water for cooling. Retrofitting existing cooling systems to dry cooling and building new facilities with dry cooling can save water and reduce EG's vulnerability to drought. However, this can be an expensive source of water. We estimate that the cost of water saved by retrofitting cooling in existing EGs ranges from $0.04/m3 to $18/m3 depending on facility characteristics. Also water savings from building new EGs with dry cooling ranges in cost per unit water from $1.29/m3 to $2.24/m3. We compare costs with that for water development projects identified in the Texas State Water Plan. We find the water cost from converting to dry cooling is lower than many of the water development possibilities. We then estimate the impact of climate change on the cost of water saved, finding climate change can increase EG water use by up to 9.3% and lower the costs of water saved. Generally, it appears that water planners might consider cooling alterations as a cost competitive water development alternative whose cost would be further decreased by climate change. 相似文献
3.
Chunyan Wang Jiangshan Wang Yi Liu Lei Zhang Yong Sun Jiuhui Qu 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(5):110
4.
Yang Jian Hong Chen Xing Yi Zheng Zixuan Li Zaixing Zhao Xiumei Qi Chenhao 《Environmental science and pollution research international》2021,28(7):7621-7635
Environmental Science and Pollution Research - Hydrothermal liquefaction (HTL) of biomass used HTL reaction under high temperature and pressure to produce bio-oil. This technology is considered as... 相似文献
5.
Yuqing Xu Zedong Lu Wenjun Sun Xiaohui Zhang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2021,15(6):131
6.
Du Jiaxin Waite T. David Feng Jing Lei Yang Tang Wangwang 《Environmental Chemistry Letters》2023,21(2):885-909
Environmental Chemistry Letters - Declining mineral resources, high fertilizer production cost and widespread eutrophication are calling for the recovery of nitrogen and phosphorus from wastewaters... 相似文献
7.
以重庆某一地铁区间隧道为原型,搭建了1∶15小尺寸隧道试验台,通过小尺寸试验与FDS 6.5.2数值模拟开展隧道顶部烟气温度分布及分层规律研究。基于Newman提出的烟气层分区条件,研究了不同纵向风速下的烟气分层现象,提出了烟气稳定层化长度的概念,并分析了火源热释放速率及断面型式对烟气层化长度的影响。试验证明了Newman提出的烟气分层计算方法是可信的。结果表明:纵向风速较小时,火源下游能呈现烟气分层现象;烟气稳定层化长度受火源热释放速率影响较大,随热释放速率增大而增大;隧道高度的变化对烟气稳定层化长度的影响较小。 相似文献
8.
为研究高燃速推进剂成型过程中的安全性,根据配方组成和工艺条件,对其压伸过程的热点形成因素进行了理论分析,并采用热-结构耦合方法,选择有限元软件ABAQUS对其不同工艺条件下的压伸过程进行了建模分析。结果表明:在压伸过程中,物料在收缩段承受的压力最大,且温度变化显著。物料中残留的气泡是影响高燃速推进剂压伸成型过程安全性的主要因素。当物料中有残留气泡时,随压伸过程所加的载荷不同,气泡的最高温度会显著上升,载荷为15MPa时,气泡的最高温度可达139.3℃;载荷为20 MPa时,温度可达264.2℃。 相似文献
9.
Zhen Bi Deqing Wanyan Xiang Li Yong Huang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(3):38
10.
Xinjie Wang Yang Li Jian Zhao Hong Yao Siqi Chu Zimu Song Zongxian He Wen Zhang 《Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering》2020,14(4):56