海南省旅游地评价及其开发研究

旅游地资源评价和开发研究，是进行旅游开发宏观决策，确定对应的旅游活动类型和接待规模，指导旅游市场开发与景区、景点设计时一项重要的基础研究工作。本文以海南省为例，对旅游地资源的评价制图和旅游开发用地预测方法，进行了有益的探讨。     

发展绿色经济是21世纪的必要抉择

发展绿色经济是各个国家处理环境与发展关系，实现可持续发展的抉择。本文着重介绍了绿色经济的内容，主要包括绿色产业、绿色贸易、等。在发展绿色经济方面，我国已有一定认识并取得了较大成就，但和发达国家相比还存在较大差距，必须下大力迎头赶上。     

预防水体黑臭的水质指标研究

水体黑臭的指标，是研究其成因，判断其黑芨科学合理地管理水体的重要内容，该文选择了与一黑臭生化过程有关的的一些参数，进行了理场和模拟试验测定研究，结果证明ＤＯ、ＢＯＤ５、硫酸还原菌数等，与水体黑臭具有较好的相关性。水体黑臭与不黑臭的临界指标为：ＣＨ－２１．５，ＤＯ＝１．８ｍｇ／Ｌ，Ｎ＝２０００个／ｍｌ，ＢＯＤ５＝１４ｍｇ／Ｌ。     

Improve Compliance with Limited Resources by a Three-Group Inspection Regime

Frequent monitoring and relatively high fines are usually necessary to bring about improvements in environmental quality, but more challenging for many countries with limited human, material, and financial resources is to put them into practice. This paper developed a three-group model of a state-dependent enforcement in a repeated game to improve the policy implementation under limited inspection capacities. A certain number of firms are grouped (group 1, group 2, group 3) for different supervision intensity (e.g., the order of inspection probability corresponding to each group is p ₁?<?p ₂?<?p ₃) based on their environmental performance. The optimal policy parameters, such as inspection probability of each group and the probability that a firm found in compliance is moved to a better reputation group, were obtained as the basis for regulator’s policy making. Numerical simulations indicated that the three-group inspection regime can significantly increase compliance rate as compared with static enforcement with the same monitoring probability. Among the number of firms in each group under steady state conditions, group 2 had the most, group 1 was the second, and group 3 had the smallest. Analysis and prediction of a three-group reputation example provided a good experiment for the model. The results give a practical reference for the policy makers with inspection capacity constraints to achieve higher compliance rate.     

Full-scale blending treatment of fresh MSWI leachate with municipal wastewater in a wastewater treatment plant

Fresh leachate, generated in municipal solid waste incineration (MSWI) plants, contains various pollutants with extremely high strength organics, which usually requires expensive and complex treatment processes. This study investigated the feasibility of blending treatment of MSWI leachate with municipal wastewater. Fresh MSWI leachate was pretreated by coagulation–flocculation with FeCl₃ 2 g/L and CaO 25 g/L, plate-and-frame filter press, followed by ammonia stripping at pH above 12. After that, blending treatment was carried out in a full-scale municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) for approximately 3 months. Different operational modes consisting of different pretreated leachate and methanol addition levels were tested, and their performances were evaluated. Results showed that throughout the experimental period, monitored parameters in the WWTP effluent, including COD (<60 mg/L), BOD₅ (<20 mg/L), ammonium (<8 mg/L), phosphorus (<1.5 mg/L) and heavy metals, generally complied with the Chinese sewage discharged standard. Under the experimental conditions, a certain amount of methanol was needed to fulfill TN removal. An estimation of the operation cost revealed that the expenditure of blending treatment was much lower than the total costs of respective treatment of MSWI leachate and municipal wastewater. The outcomes indicated that blending treatment could not only improve the treatability of the MSWI leachate, but also reduce the treatment cost of the two different wastewaters.     

北京市建筑废弃物资源化利用研究与项目示范

针对北京市建筑废弃物产量大、资源化利用率低的问题，分析了北京市建筑废弃物的来源、产量、组分及处理现状，阐述了建筑废弃物资源化利用途径和资源化利用工艺，介绍了朝阳区建筑废弃物资源化示范项目建设情况，给出了北京市建筑废弃物资源化利用设施建设合理建议。     

UV/Fenton技术处理某工厂高浓度乳化油废水

研究了UV/Fenton技术对高浓度金属清洗乳化油废水的处理效果,考察了亚铁与双氧水浓度、pH、反应时间和搅拌对COD去除效果的影响。实验结果表明,UV/Fenton技术对高浓度乳化油废水(COD平均浓度为35 000 mg/L)具有较高的去除效果,最佳工艺条件为:亚铁与双氧水浓度分别为2 400 mg/L和6 000 mg/L,pH为3,经过2 h反应,COD可降低至1 050 mg/L,去除率为97%。搅拌会降低COD的去除率。研究表明,UV/Fenton技术对高浓度乳化油废水具有很好的降解效果,且药品消耗较低,为目前此类高浓度有机废水的处理提供了技术参考。     

复合沸石滤床修复北方景观水体的实验研究

以天然矿物质沸石、细砂及煤渣取代传统滤料构建复合基质生态床，表面种植景观植物，采用下向流-上向流运行方式修复北方景观水体。分别进行静态实验及不同循环速率下的动态实验，考察对水体污染物去除过程。结果表明，2种运行方式下对水体NH⁺₄-N去除率都在85%以上，其中以1 h为循环周期的运行方式去除率达97%，较静态提高12.8%；TN去除率最高为84%；TP去除不稳定，过程缓慢。煤渣层对NH⁺₄-N的去除效果差，硝化作用不彻底与反硝化作用的加强使下层出水NH⁺₄-N 、NO^-₂-N及NO^-₃-N浓度均高于上层。提高循环速率有利于对氮的去除。     

流域水电开发生态补偿机制初探——以四川省金沙江支流硕曲河为例

本文分析了国内外在流域水电开发生态补偿方面的实践经验,以四川省金沙江支流硕曲河为案例,提出了该流域水电开发生态补偿的框架构想与思路,对四川甘孜州流域水电开发生态补偿具有一定的参考意义。     

Estimation of the temporal and spatial distribution of dust concentration over China by combining PM10 and conventional meteorological observations

In this paper, we will present a simple algorithm to estimate the temporal and spatial distribution of dust mass concentration by combining PM10 and conventional meteorological observations. The efficiency of the algorithm has been demonstrated by applying it to analyze the dust source, transport, and dissipation of the dust storm which occurred in the west region of Pa-tan-chi-lin Desert at 0200 BST 27 March, 2004.