细密沟槽铝合金挤压件模具的改进

对细密沟槽铝合金挤压件的结构进行了分析,研究和探讨了该类冷挤压件的成形过程。通过对挤压过程中金属的流动,以及模具的受力分析和模具结构的改进,解决了该类零件在挤压过程中上模的断齿问题。     

Effects of compression ratio,swirl augmentation techniques and ethanol addition on the combustion of CNG–biodiesel in a dual-fuel engine

The diminishing resources and continuously increasing cost of petroleum in association with their alarming pollution levels from diesel engines has led to an interest in finding alternative fuels to diesel. Emission control and engine efficiency are two of the most important parameters in current engine design. The impending introduction of emission standards such as Euro IV and Euro V has forced research towards developing new technologies for combating engine emissions. This paper examines the effects of compression ratio, swirl augmentation techniques and ethanol addition on the combustion of compressed natural gas (CNG) blended with Honge oil methyl esters (HOME) in a dual fuel engine. The present results show that the combustion of HOME and 15% ethanol blend with CNG induction in a dual-fuel engine operated in optimized parameters at an injection timing of 27° Before Top Dead Centre and a compression ratio of 17.5 resulted in acceptable combustion emissions and improved brake thermal efficiencies. The implementation of swirl augmentation techniques increased brake thermal efficiencies (BTEs) and considerably reduced combustion emissions such as smoke, HC, CO and NO_x. The addition of ethanol also increased BTEs. However, at more than 15% of ethanol in HOME, NO_x emissions increased dramatically.     

Application of CGP-cross route process for microstructure refinement and mechanical properties improvement in steel sheets

A modified method of severe plastic deformation (SPD) entitled constrained groove pressing-cross route (CGP-CR) was introduced for imposing a high magnitude of equivalent strain of about 2.32 per pass on the sheet form samples. The major benefit of this improved route compared to previous common route was the more homogeneity of strain in the rolling (RD) and transverse (TD) directions of sheets. In this study, low carbon steel samples were used for examination of evolutions in microstructure and mechanical properties during SPD via CGP-CR process. Mechanical properties improvement were measured by tensile and macro hardness tests. The results indicate that CGP-CR process can effectively improve tensile strength; and also, yield stress and hardness of as-received low carbon steel samples were improved up to about 100% after two deformation passes. Also, high magnitude of inhomogeneity can be observed in hardness distribution through first pass of the process which diminishes in the subsequent passes. Microstructural evolutions during process were monitored by optical microscopy observations and X-ray diffraction analysis. The results demonstrate that initial ferritic microstructure with grain size of about 30 μm was refined to a 225 nm cell structure after two passes of CGP-CR process.     

Performance improvement of airfoils for wind blade with the groove

This study was a basic one to explore how much the aerodynamic characteristics of wind blade improve. The extent of improvement according to the shapes of groove placed on the surface of airfoil (NACA0015) was analyzed through computational analysis. A commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code, the ANSYS Fluent 13, was used in this study. In this study, regarding with the positions and shapes of groove, the end of groove was placed at a certain distance (length, l) from both the front and back of separation starting point, the depth and the width were designated as h and d respectively. Analysis was conducted at the 7° angle of attack under the following conditions; the thickness (δ) of boundary layer to the depth (h) of groove ratio (h/δ) 0.6–1.0, the depth (h) of groove to the width (d) of groove ratio (h/d) 0.1–1.4, and the length (l) between the end of groove and separation point to the thickness (δ) of boundary layer ratio (l/δ) ?0.5–0.5. Among these conditions, the best improvement of lift to drag ratio, standing at 15.3%, was under h/δ = 1.0, h/d = 0.12, and l/δ = –0.5 (7° AOA, Re = 360k). In addition, throughout the range of angle of attack, 2–14°, lift to drag ratio improved by 0.8%, 5.1%, 3.2%, and 1.8% each when Reynolds numbers were 280k, 360k, 450k, and 530k. It is also confirmed that the shape of groove contributed to recovering velocity around airfoil wall and the lift to drag ratio improvements by groove were maintained at the given range of Reynolds number and around the angle of attack, 7°.     

高应力巷道底臌变形机理及控制技术分析

为了分析高应力巷道底臌变形机理，以铜川玉华煤矿2407工作面巷道为研究背景，采用理论分析和现场观测相结合的研究方法。根据巷道底臌主要由原岩应力、支承应力、围岩遇水膨胀、流变作用而引起进行分析，推导出计算底臌量的表达式。针对玉华煤矿高应力巷道底臌变形，提出在巷道顶板采用锚网梁索支护，帮部采用锚网支护的原支护条件下，底板采用锚杆注浆和切槽联合支护方式控制底臌。现场观测结果表明:这种联合支护方式能够有效控制巷道底臌变形，底臌量降低了61.5%。将底臌量理论解与现场监测的结果进行比较，误差小于8.93%，验证了理论的合理性，为巷道底臌量分析提供了参考。     

新型复合式除尘器

针对电、布除尘器的特点,提出了一种新型静电布袋混合式除尘器,并已应用于工业中。在没有使用任意阀门的前提下,该产品将电除尘器和布袋除尘器结合在一起,取长补短,充分发挥了电除尘器能大量收尘、节能、维护检修工作量小,还可捕集高比电阻和低比电阻等特殊干性粉尘,解决了电除尘难以净化的含微米或亚微米烟尘的难题。兼具布袋除尘器对粉尘粒度和比电阻不敏感、排放浓度低的优点。一级静电除尘器效率可达90%,对于粉尘浓度为30 g/m3左右的燃煤锅炉,经过静电除尘后进入滤袋的粉尘浓度只有3 g/m3。对于这种粉尘浓度,滤袋的清灰周期可达3 h以上。由于清灰周期的大大增长,可大大提高滤袋的寿命。该产品性价比优良、占地面积少、结构简单。尤其在净化效率、气体阻力等主要技术指标方面达到了环保要求。     

采用光谱学技术分析邻苯二甲酸酯与DNA互作机制

邻苯二甲酸酯(PAEs)作为增塑剂被广泛使用,易渗透到环境中产生环境毒性,多种PAEs已被美国环境保护署和中国环境监测中心列为优先控制污染物,其生态毒理学机制被广泛关注。本试验以小牛胸腺DNA(ct DNA)为供试材料,旨在通过光谱学技术探究PAEs与DNA的相互作用机制。在紫外可见光谱试验中,随着PAEs浓度的增加,DNA紫外光谱出现增色效应,证明DNA的部分碱基对被PAEs破坏,且PAEs与DNA通过嵌插作用结合。荧光光谱试验中,随着PAEs浓度的增加,EBct DNA体系荧光强度逐渐降低,邻苯二甲酸二甲酯(DMP)、邻苯二甲酸二乙酯(DEP)和邻苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)的最大荧光抑制率分别为55%、50%和36%;KI荧光猝灭试验中,在加入DNA之后KI对DMP、DEP和DBP的荧光猝灭常数Ksv分别从7.992(R2=0.9970)、10.270(R2=0.9960)和13.52(R2=0.9806)降低到6.721(R2=0.9963)、7.047(R2=0.9599)和11.03(R2=0.9803),荧光猝灭常数均降低,实验结果证明PAEs与DNA通过嵌插作用结合。盐离子试验中,随着Na Cl浓度的增加,PAEsct DNA的荧光强度没有发生变化。试验结果排除了PAEs与DNA分子之间沟槽作用的可能,确定了其结合方式为嵌插作用,随着PAEs侧链的逐渐增长,嵌插作用逐渐减弱。     

铁床+立式氧化槽治理农药废水

介绍了某农药生产企业采用铁床＋立式氧化槽工艺处理农药废水，给出了工艺流程、工艺参数和处理效果。废水处理运行结果：CODcr、色度、SS平均去除率分别大于95％、90％、97％。     

深厚覆盖层防渗墙槽壁稳定影响因素及提高稳定性措施

深厚覆盖层防渗墙工程越来越多,深度也越来越大。由于深厚覆盖层地质条件的复杂性,槽壁稳定受到诸多因素的影响,主要影响因素有:地质条件、泥浆性能、地下水位、槽段划分、施工机械和外荷载影响等。针对这些影响因素提出了提高槽壁稳定性的措施,给出槽壁发生坍塌失稳的处理措施,并指明今后研究的发展方向。通过对槽壁稳定的研究,为解决深厚覆盖层防渗墙槽壁失稳问题提供理论依据和研究方法。     

倾斜采空场的空场处理机理分析

在变荷载的条件下 ,推导了倾斜采空场的空场处理前、后正应力的分布。求解了切槽放顶的最佳位置。结果表明 ,倾角为 4 0°,标高为 971.5 m是切槽放顶的最佳位置。松散体接顶后 ,下部水平荷载降低 ,钢砼隔离墙较深部水平承受压力增加 ,顶板应力向三维状态变化 ,有利于安全采矿