First-trimester screening: dealing with the fall-out

The articles collected together in this issue describe first-trimester screening for a variety of complications. With the advance of both technology and research, early pregnancy screening is becoming ever more sophisticated and complex. While there are clear benefits to most women receiving early reassurance that their baby is developing as expected, there is no evidence to suggest that an earlier prenatal diagnosis has less long-term emotional impact than at later gestations. The poignancy of ultrasound images for many parents means that it can be especially difficult to manage the anxiety when an ultrasound marker is highlighted as potential cause for concern. They can then face a journey of anxiety-laden uncertainty, which can extend through much of the pregnancy, and even beyond. Professionals involved in screening need to recognise and acknowledge such adverse side-effects and develop the skills necessary to help parents understand and cope with the uncertainties inherent in the process. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

汽油对加油站从业人员心理与神经系统的影响

为了解汽油对加油站从业人员心理与神经系统的影响,对北京市中石化所属19家加油站的345名作业人员和管理人员进行职业健康体检,结合心理测试量表,对人员的睡眠及情绪情况进行调查。结果显示19家加油站工作场所空气中汽油的浓度均符合国家卫生标准。加油作业人员中有神经衰弱症状的占738%,管理人员中有神经衰弱症状的占366%。加油作业人员中,有652%的人存在状态焦虑,有640%存在特质焦虑。管理人员中,有350%存在状态焦虑,有350%存在特质焦虑。加油作业人员中,存在睡眠障碍或睡眠质量下降的占635%;管理人员中,存在睡眠质量下降的占312%。提示加油站作业环境可能会影响作业人员的心理状态和睡眠状况,应加强对加油作业人员的职业健康监护工作。     

基于心理感知的铁路综合客运枢纽客流疏解预警研究*

为解决铁路综合客运枢纽客流疏解预警忽略旅客心理感知与焦虑问题,基于状态焦虑问卷,定量描述旅客焦虑状态,通过引入心理测量学中积极率划分客流疏解等级阈值,确定枢纽客流疏解预警等级,构建以旅客感知疏解时间为预警指标的回归预测模型。研究结果表明:模型可定量预测枢纽站各种交通接驳方式客流的感知疏解时间,准确描述枢纽站预警等级,研究结果可为管理人员选择相应疏解措施提供依据。