压力板仪法测土-水特征曲线试验研究

非饱和土土-水特征曲线(SWCC)表示了土中含水量与吸力之间的关系。针对非饱和土干-湿循环过程中的吸力变化特征,开展试验研究。采用体积压力板仪实现非饱和土的脱湿和吸湿过程。试验成果显示:(1)土-水特征曲线是不稳定的,它与土体含水率的变化路径有关;(2)在干湿循环过程中,相同的基质吸力具有不同的含水量。     

过硫酸钾氧化-紫外光度法测定总氮方法的改进

过硫酸钾氧化紫外光度法测定总氮的空白吸光度高的主要原因是：K2S2O3是220nm波长上有特征吸收，适当降低K2S2O3、NaOH的用量，延长消解时间，使用二次蒸馏水，用低浓度亚砷酸钠溶液，还原消解后剩余的极少量的K2S2O3，可以降低空白吸光度。K2S2O3-NaOH碱溶液不稳定，使用期短，三天后氧化能力迅速降低，原因是：K2S2O3溶液中，加入NaOH，加速了K2S2O3的分解。K2S2O3和NaOH分别配制，并在K2S2O3溶液中，加入少量HCl，抑制其水解。两种溶液可使用半年以上时间。     

大气可吸入颗粒物研究进展

简述了国内外有关大气颗粒物中的可吸入颗粒物 (空气动力学直径小于或等于 10 μm)的研究进展 ,主要围绕可吸入颗粒物的基本特性、可吸入颗粒物与健康的关系、可吸入颗粒物的源解析 ,对其研究动向进行阐述。     

过硫酸钾氧化-紫外光度法测定总氮方法的改进

过硫酸钾氧化紫外光度法测定总氮的空白吸光度高的主要原因是:K2S2O8在220nm波长上有特征吸收,适当降低K2S2O8、NaOH的用量,延长消解时间,使用二次蒸馏水,用低浓度亚砷酸钠溶液,还原消解后剩余的极少量的K2S2O8,可以降低空白吸光度.K2S2O8-NaOH碱溶液不稳定,使用期短,三天后氧化能力迅速降低,原因是:K2S2O8溶液中,加入NaOH,加速了K2S2O8的分解.K2S2O8和NaOH分别配制,并在K2S2O8溶液中,加入少量HCl,抑制其水解.两种溶液可使用丰年以上时间.     

我国矿产资源的现状及保护对策

本文着重讲述了我国矿产资源的特点,全面分析了我国矿产资源的现状,并 提出缓解矿产资源危机的一些对策。     

五大连池大气中PAHs污染特征

对于五大连池大气中PAHs的污染研究,通过在该地区的农村设置大气采样点,进行了为期一个季度的大气样品采集,对PAHs的污染特征和来源进行了初探,结果表明,大气中∑16PAHs浓度范围为40.2-247.1 ng/m3,平均值为116.8 ng/m3。通过等效毒性当量因子计算得到五大连池大气中BaP当量浓度为6.086ng/m3,符合我国规定的10ng/m3。     

A novel approach for VOC source apportionment combining characteristic factor and pattern recognition technology in a Chinese industrial area

Volatile organic compound (VOC) emission control and source apportionment in small-scale industrial areas have become key topics of air pollution control in China. This study proposed a novel characteristic factor and pattern recognition (CF-PR) model for VOC source apportionment based on the similarity of characteristic factors between sources and receptors. A simulation was carried out in a typical industrial area with the CF-PR model involving simulated receptor samples. Refined and accurate source profiles were constructed through in situ sampling and analysis, covering rubber, chemicals, coating, electronics, plastics, printing, incubation and medical treatment industries. Characteristic factors of n-undecane, styrene, o-xylene and propane were identified. The source apportionment simulation results indicated that the predicted contribution rate was basically consistent with the real contribution rate. Compared to traditional receptor models, this method achieves notable advantages in terms of refinement and timeliness at similar accuracy, which is more suitable for VOC source identification and apportionment in small-scale industrial areas.     

Evaluation of the spontaneous combustion characteristics of coal of different metamorphic degrees based on a temperature-programmed oil bath experimental system

Research on the micro- and macrocharacteristics of different metamorphic degrees of coal helps improve the control and protection techniques used during spontaneous combustion. Nine coals with different properties were thoroughly investigated in this study. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and a self-designed temperature-programmed oil bath experimental system were adopted to analyze the molecular structure and macrocharacteristic parameters of the spontaneous combustion of coal. Additionally, the influence of particle size on spontaneous combustion was considered. Various functional groups were employed as microcharacteristic parameters to capture the principal active groups in oxidation. The gas production rate, oxygen consumption rate, gas concentration, heat energy release rate, and characteristic temperatures were evaluated as macrocharacteristic parameters to investigate the changes in coal during oxidation. The results establish that the microcharacteristics of coal molecules determine the degree of spontaneous combustion based on intrinsic properties and that changes in the macrocharacteristics of the spontaneous combustion of coal reflect the microstructural changes. The contents of the hydroxyl groups, carbonyl groups, alkyl ether and aryl ether in the coal molecules gradually decrease with the metamorphic increase. Oxygen-containing functional groups have higher reactivities and easily react with oxygen, causing the macroparameters, such as the oxygen consumption rate, the gas generation rate and the heat energy release rate, to consistently decrease with the increase of the metamorphic degree. Small-particle-size coal molecules have more active aliphatic hydrocarbons, oxygen-containing functional groups and a larger specific surface area, increasing the chances of adsorbing the oxygen of active groups and promoting the reaction between coal and oxygen. The experimental results indicate that coal samples with higher metamorphic degrees or larger sizes exhibit lower tendencies toward spontaneous combustion. Evaluation of the spontaneous combustion of coal based on a temperature-programmed oil bath experimental system is of great practical importance for preventing the spontaneous combustion of coal during storage, processing and utilization and can serve as a convenient reference for production safety in mining applications.     

“W型低NOx环保燃烧器”特点及应用状况

“W型低NOx环保燃烧器”采用先进的复合多级混合式雾化技术，强化喷射、混合和扩散，燃烧充分从而控制NOx生成。     

沈阳郊区城镇的环境质量特点--浅析新城子区的环境特点

我国北方有众多中小城镇 ,其环境质量大都有一定特点。本文根据多年的环境监测资料 ,以沈阳郊区新城子区年 ,季间的环境质量变化 ,研究其污染特性和特点 ,分析不同时空变化的环境质量。争取中小城镇的环境综合治理提供技术依据。大气污染主要集中在冬季 ,燃煤污染仍然是主要污染来源 ;水环境污染以城镇生活污水为主 ,而且环境水的缺少又给环境带来了巨大的压力