Improvement of the antifouling characteristics in a bioreactor of polypropylene microporous membrane by the adsorption of Tween 20

Surface modification by physical adsorption of Tween 20 was accomplished on polypropylene microporous membranes (PPMMs). Attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR/FT-IR) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used to characterize the chemical and morphological changes on the membrane surfaces. Water contact angles and relative pure water fluxes were measured. The data showed that the hydrophilic performance for the modified membranes increased with the increase in the adsorption amount of Tween 20 onto the surface or into the pores of polypropylene microporous membranes. To test the antifouling property of the membranes by the adsorption of Tween 20 in a membrane bioreactor (MBR), filtration for active sludge was performed using synthetic wastewater. With the help of the data of water fluxes and the FE-SEM photos of the modified PPMMs before or after operating in a MBR for about 12 d, the PPMMs with monolayer adsorption of Tween 20 showed higher remained flux and stronger antifouling ability than unmodified membrane and other modification membranes studied.     

垃圾转运站污水回用处理工艺设计

垃圾转运站污水回用处理采用了膜 -生物反应器处理工艺 ,它具有高效、稳定、工艺流程简单、设备占地面积小和投资少等优点 ,且处理后出水可用于自身站内所需 ,即冲车、喷洒道路、冲厕、绿化、冲刷车间地面等多种用途 ,实现了污水处理后再利用的目的。     

膜生物反应器处理印染废水技术研究

采用小试规模(148L/d)的厌氧-好氧膜生物反应器处理印染废水.当水力停留时间为14小时,进水COD、色度分别为208.54～2592.00mg/l、32～256倍,通过水解酸化-体式膜生物反应器试验,系统对COD、色度的去除率分别达到了80%～90%、87.5%.出水水质浓度或指标分别为21.80～363.20mg/l、8倍,具有良好的处理效果.厌氧-好氧膜生物反应器工艺处理印染废水技术可行、操作简单、易于管理、可为工业规模应用提供技术参考.     

白腐菌氧化—混凝工艺处理纸浆漂白废水试验研究

报告用白腐真菌氧化—混凝工艺处理纸浆厂四段漂白混合废水的试验情况 ,在最佳工艺条件下 ,混凝处理出水CODCr、OD4 6 5分别为 1 85 .1mg/L、0 .0 0 4 2 ,去除率分别为 86 .5 %、99.4% ,实验结果表明 :白腐真菌氧化—混凝工艺对于纸浆漂白废水是一种有实用价值的处理工艺。     

生物膜MBR反应器和MBR反应器处理洗涤废水比较

比较生物膜MBR反应器和MBR反应器处理洗涤废水的效果。结果表明,两个系统对COD、LAS及氨氮的去除均具有良好的处理效果。和MBR反应器相比,生物膜MBR反应器的运行条件要好。生物膜MBR反应器的运行条件:水力停留时间(HRT)4～4.5h,气水比351∶,而MBR反应器的运行条件:水力停留时间(HRT)9～10h,气水比451∶。通过两个反应器抗冲击负荷实验的研究,结果表明,在进水水质相同的条件下,就膜生物反应器的上清液而言,生物膜MBR反应器具有更好的抗冲击负荷能力。     

A study on genotoxicity of textile dyeing industry effluents from Rajshahi,Bangladesh, by the Allium cepa test

Textile dye effluents are believed to be toxic as they might exert various harmful effects on living organisms including genotoxicity. These effluents are the main source of direct and continuous input of pollutants into the aquatic ecosystems. In this study, dye effluents from a local silk dyeing industry were analysed for their genotoxic potential by the Allium cepa genotoxicity test. The A. cepa test is characterised as a genotoxicity test where the roots of A. cepa are grown in different concentrations of the test material. The macroscopic results clearly showed that the toxicity of the dye effluents prompted A. cepa root growth inhibition, and this effect increased with higher concentrations of the effluents. At the cellular level, no dividing cells were found at higher concentrations such as 60%, 80% and 100% of the effluents. However, at a lower concentration of 20%, dividing cells were identified, although the mitotic index was much lower than that of the control. Microscopic analysis showed that the dye effluents induced chromosomal aberrations at significant levels. Taken together, these results revealed that the textile dyeing industry effluents are toxic to eukaryotic cells and these dyes have genotoxic properties that can potentially lead to cancer development and adverse health conditions.     

MBR在橡胶废水处理中的应用

橡胶废水具有含盐量高、色度高、有机污染成分含量高且难于生化降解等特点。膜生物反应器(MBR)技术的核心是生化处理加微滤膜过滤,通过将MBR技术应用于橡胶废水处理的实践表明,该技术对COD、氨氮、磷酸盐的平均去除率都达到了85%以上,再辅之以药剂处理后,降低了色度和难降解有机物含量,出水水质完全符合排放标准的要求,是一种解决橡胶污水处理难题的有效途径。     

MBR工艺处理粮油加工废水的研究

采用MBR(Membrane Bioreactor)工艺对粮油加工废水进行处理发现,污染物的去除是活性污泥和膜截留共同作用的结果,试验中微生物的去除作用占污染物总去除率的62.9%~88.1%,起主要作用。当系统的污泥负荷和容积负荷分别在0.4~0.54 kgCOD/kgMLSS.d之间和3.8~5.0 kgCOD/m3.d之间变化时,系统对COD的去除率在92.5%以上。本试验所用膜的临界膜通量为8~10 L/(m2.h),系统污泥浓度从1~2g/L增加到10~12g/L时,临界膜通量从10~12L/(m2.h)下降到了3~4 L/(m2.h),随着膜面流速从1.0m/s上升到1.8m/s,膜的临界通量也相应的从4~6 L/(m2.h)上升到了16~18 L/(m2.h),呈正相关。     

好氧硝化颗粒污泥膜生物反应器性能和膜污染研究

实验研究了好氧硝化颗粒污泥膜生物反应器AGMBR的处理性能,并将其与活性污泥膜生物反应器ASMBR进行对比,考察了颗粒污泥在减缓膜污染中所起的作用.好氧硝化颗粒污泥膜生物反应器AGMBR连续稳定运行102 d,系统具有良好的去除有机物和同时硝化反硝化能力,在进水COD和NH+4-N浓度分别为500和200 mg/L时,COD、NH+4-N和TN的去除率分别稳定在86%、94%和45%以上.颗粒污泥有效减缓了膜污染,延长了膜清洗的周期,AGMBR中的膜污染以膜孔堵塞为主,占总阻力的64.81%;滤饼层的阻力为2.1×1012m-1,远小于ASMBR中的16.07×10"m-1;膜清洗周期是相同条件下ASMBR的2.43倍以上;而且AGMBR内不断有新颗粒生成,维持了AGMBR系统性能和运行的稳定.     

Shifts in microbial community structure and diversity in a MBR combined with worm reactors treating synthetic wastewater

The chemical oxygen demand (COD) and NH₃-N removal, membrane fouling, sludge characteristics and microbial community structure in a membrane bioreactor (MBR) coupled with worm reactors (SSBWR) were evaluated for 210 days. The obtained results were compared to those from a conventional MBR (C-MBR) operated in parallel. The results indicated that the combined MBR (S-MBR) achieved higher COD and NH₃-N removal efficiency, slower increase in membrane fouling, better sludge settleability and higher activities of the related enzymes in the activated sludge. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis was used to analyze the microbial community structures in the C-MBR and the S-MBR. The microbial community structure in the S-MBR was more diverse than that in the C-MBR. Additionally, the slow-growing microbes such as Saprospiraceae, Actinomyces, Frankia, Clostridium, Comamonas, Pseudomonas, Dechloromonas and Flavobacterium were enriched in the S-MBR, further accounting for the sludge reduction, membrane fouling alleviation and wastewater treatment.