香根草人工湿地处理生活污水的试验研究

通过建立香根草人工湿地系统,研究该系统对生活污水的COD、TP、TN的处理效果以及系统的耐污性。在水力停留时间(HRT)为6h的条件下,COD、TP、TN的去除率分别为63.5%、88.3%、72.4%。研究表明,香根草人工湿地系统对城镇生活污水具有较好的净化效果,且系统在该试验条件下耐污性良好。     

铀胁迫对香根草生理生化指标的影响

采用水培方式研究了不同质量浓度(0、0.1 mg/L、1 mg/L、5mg/L、10 mg/L、20 mg/L)铀胁迫下香根草光合色素质量比、可溶性蛋白质质量比、丙二醛(MDA)含量、抗氧化酶(超氧化物歧化酶SOD、过氧化物酶POD、过氧化氢酶CAT)活性、非酶物质(非蛋白巯基NPT、谷胱甘肽GSH和植物络合素PCs)含量的变化.结果表明,铀质量浓度为0.1 mg/L和1 mg/L时,可促进香根草光合色素和可溶性蛋白质质量比的增加,但随铀质量浓度增加,光合色素和可溶性蛋白质质量比逐渐下降.铀胁迫诱导香根草体内MDA含量、POD活性和CAT活性呈明显升高的趋势,SOD活性则表现为逐渐下降的趋势.不同质量浓度铀胁迫对香根草根部NPT、GSH和PCs含量无明显影响,铀质量浓度为0.1 mg/L时香根草根部NPT、GSH和PCs含量略有增加;随铀胁迫质量浓度增加,叶片内GSH含量逐渐下降,NPT和PCs含量则逐渐升高.     

天台铅锌矿区香根草(Vetiveria zizanioides)等几种草本植物的重金属耐性

研究了浙江天台铅锌矿区香根草 (Vetiveriazizanioides)及其群落中几种主要植物Cu、Cd、Zn、Pb的累积分布 ,对植物与土壤元素、对重金属的耐受性作了初步探讨 .结果表明 ,香根草植物中元素含量表现为Zn >Pb >Cu >Cd,其中Cu表现为根 >茎 >叶 ,Cd表现为叶 >茎 >根 ,Zn、Pb表现为根 >叶 >茎 .香根草中的Zn、Pb含量均显著地高于其它几种植物 .香根草与土壤元素关系中 ,Zn的相关性最显著 ,其次为Pb .图 1表 5参 19     

香根草在煤矿矸石山污染防治中的应用探讨

我国煤矿矸石的堆放长期以来主要是以露天堆放为主，当遇到雨季，受雨水冲刷产生的废水对环境造成二次污染，香根草是近年来逐渐被重视的生物防治技术，利用香根草良好的固土护坡特性，解决矸石堆放的二次污染问题，取得较好的效果。     

浒苔生物炭促进土壤Pb固定并缓解植物Pb毒性

本文利用浒苔在不同温度下制备的生物炭（400℃和600℃,记为BC400与BC600）,以30g/kg生物炭添加量对1200mg/kg的Pb污染土壤进行香根草盆栽实验,研究浒苔生物炭对土壤中Pb固定和植物中Pb毒性的影响.结果表明,浒苔生物炭与香根草能协同促进土壤中Pb固定,较生物炭组提高了16.89%和14.82%,比植物组提高17.40%和15.02%.生物炭理化性质影响Pb固定,BC400的pH值（8.97）低于BC600（10.59）,但BC400固定Pb的效果优于BC600,因为羟基（—OH）、羰基（C═O）等基团较BC600丰富,且微孔结构完整.浒苔生物炭可抑制香根草对Pb的吸收,促进香根草生长,其中BC400有助于植物地上部分及根部Pb浓度降低（分别降低23.50%和22.92%）,同时降低富集系数,提高香根草的生物量、叶绿素含量及根系活力,提高抗氧化酶SOD、CAT和POD活性,丙二醛含量可降低13.40%.总之,浒苔生物炭通过高pH值和微孔结构吸附Pb,并通过官能团增加与金属的结合位点固定Pb,以降低Pb的毒性,提高香根草生存能力.鉴于滨海地区浒苔生物质资源丰富,生物炭与植物联合作用可作为Pb污染土壤修复的技术措施之一.     

Allelopathic response of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Vetiveria zizanioides</Emphasis> (L.) Nash on members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Pseudomonas</Emphasis> spp.

The biological removal of phosphates was carried as a part of treatment strategy. Vetiveria zizanioides (L.) Nash belonging to the family Poaceae was used for biological removal of biostimulants. Vetiver reportedly has mycorrhizal association; besides having potential for removal of PO₄ ⁻³ also showed allelopathic affect on the microorganisms present in the water. In fact after a period of 96 h old roots of this plant have been found to have killing effects on the E. coli, Enterobacter spp. Pseudomonas spp. belonging to the family Enterobacteriaceae. The paper is opening a new face of study.     

Effects of insoluble Zn, Cd, and EDTA on the growth, activities of antioxidant enzymes and uptake of Zn and Cd in Vetiveria zizanioides

A root-bag experiment was conducted to study the effects of insoluble Zn, Cd and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) on the plant growth, activities of antioxidant enzymes, proline, glutathione (GSH), water-soluble proteins and malondialdehyde (MDA) of Vetiveria zizanioides, and its uptake capacity of Zn and Cd.The results showed that plant growth of V.zizanioides was inhibited by Zn and Cd.The shoot dry weight (SDW) and root dry weight (RDW) decrease by 0.3%, 8.0%, 9.4% and 10.4%, 15.1%, 24.2% compared to the control without EDTA addition, respectively.After adding EDTA, shoot and root dry weight decreased over 10% and 15% compared to results in the absence of EDTA, respectively.The toxicity from insoluble Zn and Cd in soil on SDW and RDW of V.zizanioides was in order: Zn+Cd > Cd > Zn.The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and catalase (CAT), and contents of MDA and proline significantly increased, while the contents of GSH and water-soluble proteins markedly decreased with increasing Zn and Cd toxicity.With EDTA, shoot and root Zn concentrations increased in the Zn treatment by 7.3% and 37.4% compared to the plants grown in absence of EDTA.Shoot and root Cd concentrations in the combined Zn and Cd treatment with EDTA increased by 18.6% and 391.9% compared to the treatment without EDTA.However, Zn and Cd concentrations in shoot and roots decreased in the Cd treatment compared to the plants grown in absence of EDTA, with exception of root Cd concentration in the presence of EDTA).     

香根草人工湿地处理生活污水的试验研究

通过建立香根草人工湿地系统,研究该系统对生活污水的COD、TP、TN的处理效果以及系统的耐污性。在水力停留时间（HRT）为6h的条件下,COD、TP、TN的去除率分别为63.5%、88.3%、72.4%。研究表明,香根草人工湿地系统对城镇生活污水具有较好的净化效果,且系统在该试验条件下耐污性良好。     

Effects of a lead- and cadmium-resistant fungal strain on the absorption of heavy metals by Vetiveria zizanioides北大核心CSCD

A two-factor randomized complete block experiment was used to explore the remediation by a plant-microorganism combination on soils contaminated by lead (Pb) and cadmium (Cd). Factor A was the amount of fungi, for which four values were considered, namely, 0, 1, 3, and 5 g. Factor B was the level of contamination by lead and cadmium, for which six values were considered, namely, Cd0Pb0, Cd10Pb400, Cd20Pb600, Cd30Pb800, Cd50Pb1200, and Cd80Pb1800 (data in units of mg/ kg). The results showed that the resistant fungi promoted the growth of vetiver (Vetiveria zizanioides). At weights of 1, 3, and 5 g, the resistant fungi increased the biomass of vetiver by 41.9%, 74.9%, and 71.7% respectively. The resistant fungi stimulated the absorption of lead and cadmium by both the aerial and underground parts of vetiver. In the presence of 80 mg/kg of Cd2+ and 1 800 mg/kg of Pb2+, the contents of lead in the aerial parts of vetiver were increased by 120.6%, 265.4%, and 242.9%, while the lead content in the underground parts were increased by 110.3%, 278.2%, and 266.2%, after the addition of 1 g, 3 g, and 5 g of fungi, respectively. The content of cadmium in the aerial parts increased by 113.2%, 238.3%, and 217.3%, while the content of cadmium in the underground parts increased by 103.1%, 298.8%, and 274.4%, after the addition of 1 g, 3 g, and 5 g of fungi, respectively. The addition of fungi strengthened the effect of V. zizanioides to remediate soils contaminated by lead and cadmium, and the remediation after the addition of 3 g of fungi was better than that after treatment with 1 g and 5 g of fungi. The combination of resistant fungi and the heavy metal enrichment plant, vetiver, under different concentrations of lead and cadmium showed that the fungi had a significant effect on the remediation of soils contaminated by lead and cadmium. © 2018 Science Press. All rights reserved.     

香根草及添加剂对汞污染土壤汞固定的现场试验

通过前期盆栽模拟试验发现,汞污染土壤种植香根草木屑和腐殖土或者添加木屑和腐殖土后再种植香根草都能极大抑制汞通过地表径流迁移,但是尚没有开展野外试验进行验证。因此为了进一步验证其效果,本研究在贵州万山汞矿区大水溪村汞污染农田建立了地表径流小区,现场研究了种植香根草及添加木屑和腐殖土后种植香根草对土壤汞固定的影响,研究结果显示:(1)在所有处理小区的地表径流中,颗粒态汞占总汞的96%以上,是汞迁移的最主要途径;(2)在汞污染土壤中种植香根草或者土壤中分别添加木屑或者腐殖土后再种植香根草,都能显著降低地表径流中颗粒态汞含量(46%~67%),进而减少土壤汞通过地表径流向周围环境迁移,且香根草与木屑或腐殖土结合效果更佳;(3)不同处理均降低了地表径流中可溶态汞(13%~31%)的含量。本研究能为汞矿区汞污染土壤修复提供一定理论支持和技术指导。