水处理中微生物絮凝剂产生菌的选育及应用

综述了微生物絮凝剂产生菌筛选和培育方面的研究进展,介绍了微生物絮凝剂在给水和饮用水、乳化液的油水分离、污水处理等领域的应用,以及廉价培养基的探索实践。提出针对影响微生物絮凝剂产生菌生长代谢的环境条件开展深入研究,同时寻找或设计廉价培养基,降低生产成本,推动其工业化应用。     

基于土地利用与植被恢复情景的土壤侵蚀演变特征

基于土地利用与植被恢复情景,使用USLE和土壤风蚀方程对坝上地区水蚀和风蚀强度进行估算。结果表明：（1）2015年坝上地区风蚀、水蚀和总侵蚀强度均值分别为8.83±5.15 t·ha^-1·a^-1、4.37±6.62 t·ha^-1·a^-1和13.22±8.18 t·ha^-1·a^-1;风蚀占总侵蚀67%,水蚀占33%。（2）土地利用调整情景下,风蚀、水蚀和总侵蚀强度分别减少4.9%~9.9%、2.9%~8.3%和4.3%~9.3%;土地利用+植被恢复情景下,风蚀、水蚀和总侵蚀强度则分别减少6.3%~13.8%、5.2%~16.2%和5.9%~14.3%。（3）土地调整面积与风蚀强度减少率呈对数关系,与水蚀强度减少率呈指数关系,与总侵蚀强度减少率呈线性关系（P<0.01）。本文结果可以为土壤侵蚀方程计算及区域土壤侵蚀防治提供数据参考。     

资源科学的学科建设与人才培养模式的实践与思考

资源科学是自然科学、社会科学和工程技术科学相互交叉、相互渗透、相互结合的多学科横向发展的新学科领域,具有综合性、交叉性等学科特点。研究适应新时期面向国家和社会发展需求的资源科学学科建设与人才培养方向具有重要的科学与实践意义。在梳理资源科学的学科发展历程基础上,进一步探讨国内外高等院校资源科学的研究领域、学科体系建设、课程及专业设置和人才培养模式,总结了我国资源科学的学科建设和人才培养的成就与不足,以期更好地服务国家需求。     

Benchmarking for best practice environmental management

Benchmarking of environmental performance to demonstrate theachievement of best practice environmental management is acomponent of a new form of licensing of industrialdischarges in Western Australia. The paper describes theapproaches to benchmarking for the critical environmentalissues for an alumina refinery and wastewater treatmentplant. It also describes the lessons learnt from thebenchmarking process on appropriate methods, the benefitsand difficulties in the benchmarking process, and changesthat would assist benchmarking for best practiceenvironmental management.     

Atrazine and Alachlor Inputs to Surface and Ground Waters in Irrigated Corn Cultivation Areas of Castilla-Leon Region, Spain

The inputs of atrazine and alachlor herbicides to surface and ground waters from irrigated areas dedicated to corn cultivation in the Castilla-León (C-L) region (Spain) as related to the application of both herbicides were studied. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) were used for monitoring the atrazine and alachlor concentrations in 98 water samples taken from these areas. Seventy-nine of the samples were of ground waters and 19 were of surface waters. The concentration ranges of the herbicides detected in the study period (October 1997–October 1998) were 0.04–25.3 g L^–1 in the surface waters and 0.04–3.45 g L^–1 in the ground waters for atrazine, and 0.06–31.9 g L^–1 in the surface waters and 0.05–4.85 g L^–1 in the ground waters in the case of alachlor. The highly significant correlation observed between the concentrations of both herbicides in the surface waters (r = 0.89, p < 0.001) pointed to a parallel transport of atrazine and alachlor to these waters. A study was made of the temporal evolution of the concentrations of both herbicides, and it was found a maximum recharge of atrazine in the ground waters for April 1998 and of alachlor in October 1997 and October 1998. The temporal evolution of the concentrations of both herbicides in surface waters was parallel. The highly significant correlations observed between atrazine concentrations determined by ELISA and by HPLC (r = 0.92, p < 0.001) and between alachlor concentrations also determined by both methods (r = 0.96, p < 0.001) confirmed the usefulness of ELISA for monitoring both herbicides in an elevated number of samples. Using HPLC, the presence in some waters of the alachlor ethanesulfonate (ESA) metabolite was found at a concentration range of 0.52–4.01 g L^–1. However the interference of ESA in the determination of alachlor by ELISA was negligible. The inputs of atrazine and alachlor to waters found in this study, especially the inputs to ground waters, could pose a risk for human health considering that some waters, though sporadically, are even used for human consumption.     

Y5复合产絮菌及其产絮物絮凝特性试验研究

从含大量微生物菌群的土壤中筛选出了具有产絮效果的Y5菌液。比较不同培养条件下Y5菌液的絮凝率得出 :菌液絮凝性能是其中 3种复合菌株共同作用的结果 ;培养基初始pH值在 5 .0～ 9.0的范围内时 ,Y5菌液的生长量及其上清液的絮凝率都较高。     

Seed yeast cultivation for salad oil manufacturing wastewater treatment

The mixture of five yeast strains obtained from soil could remove about 85% TOC of oil-rich wastewater in batch test.While the highest MLSS was obtained at an N:C of 1:5,the oil removal decreased with the increase of N:C during yeast sludge cultivation.Ammonium chloride was the best nitrogen source for yeast cultivation from the viewpoint of yeast growth and oil utilizxation.An ammonia concentration of over 1300 mg/L led to mass death of yeast at a pH of 5.The ammonia concentration should be controlled at a level of 1000 mg/L or lower.     

抗生素制药废水的处理

锦州九泰制药废水属于不易生化类废水，废水量1000m^3/d，污水站总投资140万元。本文阐述了该工程的水质、预处理、生化处理工艺、活性污泥的培养与驯化及运行效果与设计特点。     

关于促进我国循环经济法制建设的思考

循环经济作为一种有效平衡经济增长,社会发展和环境保护三者关系的全新经济模式,在我国的发展已是大势所趋.而这一系统工程建立的基础是相关法律法规的建立.目前,许多发达国家已经以立法的方法来保障循环型社会的建立和发展.加快我国循环经济法制建设需要对循环经济的内涵,发达国家的循环经济立法,我国循环经济法制建设的实践及其存在的问题进行系统研究,根据我国的实际情况,得出对中国的循环经济立法具有针对性的建议,在依法治国的当今中国,以法律形式对循环经济加以肯定和规范具有重要意义.     

关于高等院校《环境质量评价》课程的设计

以培养学生实践能力为目标，对《环境质量评价》课程的教学内容体系进行了重新设计，并引入了多样化的教学形式和考核方式，设计了多组专题讨论课、课程实习和期中小论文答辩，并在教学中进行了实践，取得了良好的效果。