城镇市政设施投资项目环境影响后评价探讨

城镇市政设施是城镇经济和社会发展的载体,加强其环境影响后评价工作,能为其决策者提供系统、全面、科学的信息反馈,对于促进城镇社会经济与自然环境的持续、协调、稳定发展,具有十分重要的现实意义.在对城镇市政设施投资项目环境影响后评价的概念进行界定的基础上,对城镇市政设施投资项目环境影响后评价的意义及工作程序进行了阐释,并结合城镇市政设施投资项目的具体特点,对其环境影响后评价的内容从大气、水体、噪声、土壤、固体废弃物和生态等六个方面进行了研究探讨.     

湖南省区域投资环境的优化对策

分析了湖南省区域投资环境条件,提出了优化投资环境思路:按点轴模式优化湖南区域经济空间布局结构,确立重点投资环境建设轴线;优化产业结构,优先对第二产业和优势产业进行投资环境建设;把人文环境和物质环境结合起来,着力改善区域经济发展的软、硬环境.     

酸沉降的控制及投资效益分析

本文提出控制酸雨的关键是二氧化硫总量控制。以四面山、南山、缙云山森林生态为重点保护对象,建立了临界负荷。提出了分两步削减硫排放的方案,并进行了方案技术措施的投资效益分析。     

Shareholder activism on environmental issues: A study of proposals at large US corporations (2000–2003)

Socially Responsible Investing (SRI) has carved out a niche in the financial world, and each year a large number of shareholder proposals are filed at public companies in the US related to issues of corporate social responsibility (CSR). While the primary interests of CSR activists remain distinct from those of traditional corporate governance (CG) activists, the two groups do share an interest in minimizing the risk of negative environmental or social impacts from the operations of the corporation. They also share the objective of achieving transparency and accountability in corporate decision‐making. In relation to this latter objective, they both face similar challenges concerning conflicts of interest among key institutional shareholders. This article examines the record of shareholder proposal filing and voting from 2000–2003 for 81 large US public corporations to determine the relative prominence of CSR shareholder activism and the prospects for effective CSR shareholder activism on key environmental issues. The analysis of these data finds that nearly half (45%) of all shareholder resolutions are related to CSR, and that those resolutions which combine issues of CSR with traditional CG activism appeal to slightly more shareholders than issues of CSR alone. The article also examines shareholder activism at the micro level with a case study of the voting record at ExxonMobil. The article finds that CSR‐related shareholder activism represents the majority of shareholder activism within that firm and that resolutions targeted at climate change are particularly well supported. These resolutions draw a connection between environmental risk and risk to shareholder value. While numerous challenges remain for both CG and CSR activists, the article concludes that reforms that strengthen shareholder rights and corporate governance more generally will also benefit CSR activists and the environmental policies they promote in particular. The article ends with some proposed solutions for addressing the perceived conflicts of interest in corporate governance and the shareholder voting process.     

环境行政责任缺失纵深分析——为建立环境行政执法责任制所进行的环境行政责任缺失调研报告

首先明确指出"环境行政执法难"的根本原因是环境行政责任追究缺失.通过对企业各类违法排污现象的列举、归纳,由表及里、纵深分析,指出环境行政责任缺失存在四个层面:普遍性责任缺失--违法排污企业行政责任追究缺失,显性责任缺失--环保局监督管理责任追究缺失,隐性责任缺失--"政府对环境质量负责"责任追究缺失和根本性责任缺失--环境保护行政主管部门"统一监督管理"责任追究缺失.强调解决环境行政责任追究缺失的根本措施是依法建立环境行政责任追究制度,提升环境保护行政主管部门的地位,将国家环境保护总局升格为国家环境保护部(或国家环境资源保护委员会),地方政府环境保护行政主管部门负责人由地方政府行政副首长兼任.     

中国自然保护区投资现状及其分析

经费问题是多年来－直困扰我国自然保护区建设与管理的难题。笔者在对４０多个自然保护区调查的基础上，阐述了目前我国自然保护区的经费渠道和投资水平，分析了全国自然保护区投资现状和特点，探讨了开辟自然保护区经费渠道的举措。     

私人直接投资环境服务业的路径研究

环境服务业中有很多内容都具有不同程度的公共物品性、自然垄断性或社会公益性,这些特殊属性对私人直接投资者造成了收费困难、进入壁垒和高政策风险等阻碍。论文研究通过排他性的制度设计、创造有效竞争模式、推行多样化的公私伙伴关系来分别解决上述困难。论文的研究成果为私人直接投资环境服务业创建了一个现实可行的路径体系。     

Voluntary corporate environmental initiatives and shareholder wealth

Researchers debate whether environmental investments reduce firm value or actually improve financial performance. We provide some compelling evidence on shareholder wealth effects of membership in voluntary environmental programs (VEPs). Companies announcing membership in EPA's Climate Leaders, a program targeting reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, experience significantly negative abnormal stock returns. The price decline is larger in firms with poor corporate governance structures, and for high market-to-book (i.e., high growth) firms. However, firms joining Ceres, a program involving more general environmental commitments, have insignificant announcement returns, as do portfolios of industry rivals. Overall, corporate commitments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions appear to conflict with firm value maximization. This has important implications for policies that rely on voluntary initiatives to address climate change. Further, we find that firms facing climate-related shareholder resolutions or firms with weak corporate governance standards – giving managers the discretion to make such voluntary environmentally responsible investment decisions – are more likely to join Climate Leaders; decisions that may result in lower firm value.