Effect of airborne SO_2 on performance of the turnip moth,Agrotis segetum Schiff

SO2 Pollution; rape plant (Brassica chinensis); turnip moth (Agrotis segetum); growth and developmental parameters.     

Pharmacophagous acquisition of clerodendrins by the turnip sawfly (Athalia rosae ruficornis) and their role in the mating behavior

Summary. Adults of the turnip sawfly, Athalia rosae ruficornis (Tenthredinidae: Hymenoptera), frequently visit a plant, Clerodendron trichotomum (Verbenaceae), and feed pharmacophagously on the glandular trichomes on the leaf surface. A series of neo-clerodane diterpenoids (e.g. clerodendrins B and D) contained in glandular organs on the leaf surface stimulate feeding of the sawflies (both males and females). The adults fed selectively on the trichomes were found to sequester a series of the bitter-tasting diterpenes (clerodendrin D, ajugachin A, athaliadiol) in the body tissues, which suggested their primary role as defense substances against predators. Females fed on Clerodendron leaves or on clerodendrin B or D were more successful in mating than unfed females. Thus, females seem to obtain an advantage in mating success through the acquisition of the defensive principles from the Clerodendron plant. Received 20 April 1999; accepted 29 June 1999     

Effect of SO2-polluted rape plant on growth and reproduction of the turnip aphid,Lipaphis erysimi(Kaltenbach)

ＥｆｆｅｃｔｏｆＳＯ_２－ｐｏｌｌｕｔｅｄｒａｐｅｐｌａｎｔｏｎｇｒｏｗｔｈａｎｄｒｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｔｉｏｎｏｆｔｈｅｔｕｒｎｉｐａｐｈｉｄ，Ｌｉｐａｐｈｉｓｅｒｙｓｉｍｉ（Ｋａｌｔｅｎｂａｃｈ）￥ＷｕＫｕｎｊｕｎ；ＧｏｎｇＰｅｉｙｕ；ＬｉＸｉｕｚｈｅ?..     

重金属铜对萝卜种子发芽性能指标的影响研究

重金属铜是植物生长发育所必需的一种微量元素,但是当浓度过高时对作物会造成一定毒害。因此,对高等植物进行重金属毒理试验就尤为重要。目前已建立的高等植物毒理试验有三种方法,即1．根伸长试验;2．种子发芽试验;3．早期植物幼苗生长试验。本实验所研究的就是在不同浓度的重金属铜的影响下,萝卜的生长状况。通过所做的根的伸长实验、发芽实验和叶绿素实验,对重金属对植物的影响问题,做了一个早期的、比较完整的分析。     

酸雨胁迫下铈、镧对萝卜保护酶系统影响的比较

溶液培养条件下,研究了酸雨胁迫条件下萝卜(Raphanus sativusL.,一点红)保护酶系统的响应及稀土元素镧、铈的防护作用,并就镧、铈的防护作用进行了比较。结果显示:酸雨导致萝卜保护酶系统的SOD、CAT、POD酶活性总体水平发生变化,SOD、POD活性增强,CAT活性减弱。w(La)=30mg·kg-1、w(Ce)=40mg·kg-1的施用降低了SOD、POD活性水平,增强了CAT活性,减弱了由于酸雨胁迫对萝卜幼苗保护酶系统所造成的影响,且镧的总体防护效应优于铈。这表明,适宜种类、适当剂量的稀土可以诱导植物抗逆性,促进其生长,降低酸雨胁迫损伤。     

Effect of SO2 on performance of the turnip moth,Agrotis segetum Schiff

Effect of SO₂-enriched air on the turnip moth, Agrotis segetum Schiff.was investigated by rearing the larvae on rape leaves that had been exposed to 40 or 80 ppb of the air pollutant in field fumigation chambers. An examination on the 11th day showed that the larvae in both treatments survived more, developed markedly faster, their fresh v/eig'ht and mean relative growth rate were significantly greater than those of control insect. Improvement of their growth and development resulted in decrease of total larval duration by 0.5 - 1.0 day. Pupal and adult performances were little affected by SO₂ level to which larval food plant was exposed. Possible reason responsible for enhanced growth and development of the insect species was discussed.