Toluene removal characteristics by a superimposed wire-plate dielectric barrier discharge plasma reactor

A superimposed wire-plate dielectric barrier discharge reactor was used to remove toluene in this study. The effects of oxygen content, gas flow rate, gas initial concentration and with/without catalyst on toluene decomposition were investigated. It was found that an optimal toluene removal was achieved when the oxygen content was about 5%. Under this condition, the highest toluene removal efficiency of 80.8% was achieved when the gas concentration was 80 mg/m^3. The toluene removal efficiency decreased with the increase of the gas flow rate and the initial concentration of toluene. In addition, the ozone concentration decreased with the increase of the initial concentration of toluene. It suggested that combining DBD （dielectric barrier discharge） with Co3O4/Al2O3/foam nickel catalyst in-situ could improve the toluene removal efficiency and suppress ozone formation. Products analysis showed that the main products were CO and CO2 when oxygen was more than 5%.     

土壤有机污染物非理想吸附研究的理论与方法

应用于土壤中的有机农业化合物的归宿和生物有效性主要取决于它们与土壤组分的交互作用,而土壤有机质(SOM 的组分相当重要。虽然对SOM的吸附机理已经进行了多年研究,但在分子和微观水平上的研究甚少。文章根据国内外有关研究的最新进展,从理论和技术上分析并讨论了选择化合物的膨胀等温线法、电介质分光术(光谱学)、固态1H-和13C-核磁共振(NMR)和化学等几个全新的手段和方法在研究土壤有机质中有机污染物非理想吸附行为的非线性、复合化合物间的竞争以及滞后现象等基本原因的可行性,把温度和可以起到软化(塑化)剂的吸附分子的存在、含量及其结构之间的函数变化关系,做为研究SOM中化合物从玻璃质到橡胶质的转化过渡(transition)状态。该方面的研究结果将被广泛的应用于包括杀虫剂在内的非离子化合物上,并将进一步促进我们对SOM 中非理想吸附的基本机理和原因的理解。     

Effect of Fe（Ⅲ） on the bromate reduction by humic substances in aqueous solution

Humic substances are ubiquitous redox-active organic compounds of environment. In this study, experiments were conducted to determine the reduction capacity of humic acid in the man-ix of bromate and Fe（Ⅲ） solutions and the role of Fe（Ⅲ） in this redox process. The results showed that the humic acid regenerated Fe（Ⅱ） and reduced bromate abiotically. The addition of Fe（Ⅲ） could accelerate the bromate reduction rate by forming humic acid-Fe（Ⅲ） complexes. Iron species acts as electron mediator and catalyst for the bromate reduction by humic acid, in which humic acid transfers electrons to the complexed Fe（Ⅲ） to form Fe（Ⅱ）, and the regenerated Fe（Ⅱ） donate the electrons to bromate. The kinetics study on bromate reduction further indicated that bromate reduction by humic acid-Fe（Ⅲ） complexes is pH dependent. The rate decreased by 2-fold with the increase in solution pH by one unit. The reduction capacity of Aldrich humic acid was observed to be lower than that of humic acid or natural organic matter of Suwanne River, indicating that such redox process is expected to occur in the environment.     

三维三相流化床电极处理苯胺实验研究

使用了一种新型的电化学反应器——三维三相流化床电极用于处理苯胺的实验研究。得到了气量大小、外加电压、电介质浓度、pH值、原水浓度、反应时间等因素对苯胺溶液COD去除率的影响规律，并对之进行了合理的解释和分析。结果表明，用三维三相流化床电极，在一定条件下，苯胺可基本被全部氧化。初步论证了苯胺电解过程中有中间产物的生成。     

一维脉冲波透过压电介质摩擦接触界面的传播

以压电材料为核心的结构和元件在装置中,总是和其他材料组合在一起,常用来传导表面波或承受动荷载,界面是其中的重要组成部分。当扰动很强时,会引起接触界面的局部滑移和分离,对结构安全产生威胁。笔者对一维脉冲波透过横观各向同性压电介质摩擦接触界面的传播进行了研究。利用Fourier分析的方法,将混合边值问题化为非线性代数方程组,通过迭代修正,确定了界面上分离、滑移和粘着3种区域的分布范围,同时计算了界面剪力和相对滑移速度的分布。笔者进一步丰富了压电弹性波动理论,利用波所携带的力学或电学信息,可望无损探测界面的接触状态及接触力等参量,对结构的安全评估与寿命预测具有重要的理论价值与实际意义。     

沿面放电臭氧发生器电极的研究

本文论述了电晕放电法产生臭氧的机理和沿面放电用电极的结构及影响因素 ,认为提高电介质的介电常数、表面电阻率和降低电介质的厚度可以提高臭氧发生器的效率。借助实验手段 ,作者还确定了以 0 .2 5～0 .4 mmα-Al2 O3 作为电介质 ,缠绕间距为 2～ 3mm的电极线 ,制成的管式臭氧电极单根臭氧浓度可以达到 1 2～ 1 3g/m3。     

强电离放电产生臭氧气体的方法

为实现用电场强度、电子能量控制臭氧产生浓度和臭氧分解,采用α型Al₂O₃制成电介质薄层(230μm)以及窄放电间隙(110μm)的新工艺,取得折合电场强度E大于400Td的强电离放电,电子取得平均能量大于10eV,臭氧浓度达到200g/m³,臭氧产生效率达到100g/(kW·h).进而实现臭氧产生装置生产组合模块化、小型化.     

Theoretical study on the degradation reaction of octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin with atomic oxygen O(3P) in dielectric barrier discharge reactor

Dielectric barrier discharges （DBD） have been used in the degradation of dioxins due to the large number of excimers and free radicals produced in discharge process. In this article, the density functional theory （DFT） is used to study the degradation mechanism of octachlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin （OCDD） with the atomic oxygen O（3P） in DBD reactor. The reactants, intermediates, transition states and products are optimized at the MPWB1K/6- 31 ＋ G（d,p） level. The vibrational frequencies have been calculated at the same level. The reaction pathways and mechanisms are analyzed in detail. The effect of removing the chlorine atom on environment also has been discussed.     

强电离放电模拟烟气脱硫实验

应用强电离放电方法进行烟气脱硫 ,将烟气中大部分O2 、N2 和H2 O等气体分子电离后加工成OH等活性粒子 ,在高温、不加吸收剂的条件下 ,直接将SO2 氧化成H2 SO4。实验中分别研究了烟气在反应室内的停留时间、烟气中含水量和含氧量等因素对脱硫率的影响。实验结果表明 ,烟气在反应室内停留时间为 0 74s ,烟气中含水量和含氧量分别为2 8%和 2 0 8%时 ,SO2 脱除率可达到 10 0 %。