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排序方式: 共有90条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
J.N. Louvet 《Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987)》2010,158(3):688-693
This study examines the effects of erythromycin on activated sludge from two French urban wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Wastewater spiked with 10 mg/L erythromycin inhibited the specific evolution rate of chemical oxygen demand (COD) by 79% (standard deviation 34%) and the specific N-NH4+ evolution rate by 41% (standard deviation 25%). A temporary increase in COD and tryptophan-like fluorescence, as well as a decrease in suspended solids, were observed in reactors with wastewater containing erythromycin. The destruction of activated sludge flocs was monitored by automated image analysis. The effect of erythromycin on nitrification was variable depending on the sludge origin. Erythromycin inhibited the specific nitrification rate in sludge from one WWTP, but increased the nitrification rate at the other facility. 相似文献
2.
Removal of tetrabromobisphenol A by conventional activated sludge, submerged membrane and membrane aerated biofilm reactors 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The goal of this study was to compare removal efficiencies of tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) using typical wastewater treatment technologies, and to identify the most significant mechanisms of removal. Two types of municipal wastewater reactors were studied: a full-scale conventional activated sludge (CAS) reactor with tertiary treatment; and three pilot-scale membrane bioreactors (MBRs) having different sludge retention times (SRTs). All four reactors were fed the same influent. A third reactor type, a membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR) was fed tap water, ammonia, and TBBPA. TBBPA in municipal influent ranged from 1 to 41 ng L−1 (n = 10). The CAS effluent had an average TBBPA concentration of 0.7 ± 1.3 ng L−1 (n = 3). Effluent concentrations from the MBRs were an average of 6 ± 6 ng L−1 TBBPA (n = 26). Significant TBBPA removal was observed in the MABR throughout the 5 week of study (p ? 0.05). Removal of TBBPA from wastewater treatment was found to be due to a combination of adsorption and biological degradation. Based on experimental results, nitrification is likely a key process therein. No significant relationship between removal of TBBPA and SRT was identified (p ? 0.05). 相似文献
3.
For conifer stands in NW-Germany with high DIN load (23-35 kg N ha−1 a−1) and a long history of nitrogen export the risk of N mobilization were investigated. Ammonium is the most mobilized N species, pointing towards either conditions not favoring nitrification or, more likely - under the dominant aerobic conditions - a very high amount of ammonium in the forest floor. Independence of net nitrification and net ammonification from each other indicates the existence of two separate systems. The nitrifying system depends very much on biotic conditions - as a function of energy and moisture - and seems not to be directly related to N deposition. In contrast, for the ammonification system (Oe horizon) a correlation with the sum of ammonium deposition three months prior to sampling was found. However, the role of disturbance, i.e. nitrogen export, during the last centuries and the role of recovery of the N balance during the last 150 years is still not clear. 相似文献
4.
5.
Yi Shi Akintunde Babatunde Bettina Bockelmann-Evans Qijie Li Liang Zhang 《环境科学学报(英文版)》2020,32(10):151-162
Within the drinking water distribution system (DWDS) using chloramine as disinfectant, nitrification caused by nitrifying bacteria is increasingly becoming a concern as it poses a great challenge for maintaining water quality. To investigate efficient control strategies, operational conditions including hydraulic regimes and disinfectant scenarios were controlled within a flow cell experimental facility. Two test phases were conducted to investigate the effects on the extent of nitrification of three flow rates (Q = 2, 6, and 10 L/min) and four disinfection scenarios (total Cl2=1 mg/L, Cl2/NH3-N=3:1; total Cl2=1 mg/L, Cl2/NH3-N=5:1; total Cl2=5 mg/L, Cl2/NH3-N=3:1; and total Cl2=5 mg/L, Cl2/NH3-N=5:1). Physico-chemical parameters and nitrification indicators were monitored during the tests. The characteristics of biofilm extracellular polymetric substance (EPS) were evaluated after the experiment. The main results from the study indicate that nitrification is affected by hydraulic conditions and the process tends to be severe when the fluid flow transforms from laminar to turbulent (2300<Re<4000). Increasing disinfectant concentration and optimizing Cl2/NH3-N mass ratio were found to inhibit nitrification to some extend when the system was running at turbulent condition (Q = 10 L/min, Re = 5535). EPS extracted from biofilm that was established at the flow rate of 6 L/min had greater carbohydrate/protein ratio. Furthermore, several nitrification indicators were evaluated for their prediction efficiency and the results suggest that the change of nitrite, together with total organic carbon (TOC) and turbidity can indicate nitrification potential efficiently. 相似文献
6.
通过试验研究,探索了焦化废水生物脱氮半生产性启动条件,指出了顺利启动的关键技术是适宜的接种污泥及必须提供的环境条件。 相似文献
7.
A novel process for a simultaneous removal of ammonia and organics was developed on the basis of ion exchange and biological reactions. From batch experiments, it was found out that NH4+ could be removed effectively by combining cation exchange and biological nitrification showing 0.98 mg N/m2?s of a maximum flux. On the other hand, the removal of NO3− was 3.5 times faster than NH4+ and the maximum flux was calculated to be 3.4 mg N/m2?s. The systems for NH4+ and NO3− removal were combined for establishing the IEBR process. When the process was operated in a continuous mode, approximately 95.8% of NH4+ was removed showing an average flux of 0.22 mg N/m2·s. The removal efficiency of total nitrogen was calculated as 94.5% whereas that of organics was 99.5%. It was concluded that the IEBR process would be effectively used for a simultaneous removal of NH4+ and organics. 相似文献
8.
采用室内培养实验的方法,以不加抑制剂的尿素作为对照,对比研究DMPP及它的同分异构体3,5-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐作为硝化抑制剂对尿素氮在土壤中转化的影响.结果表明,3,5-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐具有一定的硝化抑制作用.在培养期间,施加3,5-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐的土壤中硝态氮的含量一周后始终低于对照,铵态氮的含量一用后始终高于对照.但在培养试验中后期(三周以后),3,5-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐的硝化抑制效果劣于DMPP.3,5-二甲基吡唑磷酸盐能否作为新型硝化抑制剂,还要对它的生理、生态效应等进行进一步的研究. 相似文献
9.
10.
The inorganic nitrogen transformations occurring at a municipal waste leachate treatment facility were investigated. The treatment
facility consisted of a collection well and an artificial wetland between two aeration ponds. The first aeration pond showed
a decrease in ammonium (from 3480 (± 120) to 630(± 90) mg ⋅ L−1), a reduction in inorganic nitrogen load (3480 to 1680 mg N ⋅ L−1), and an accumulation of nitrite (< 1.3 mg-N ⋅ L−1 in the collection well, to 1030 mg-N ⋅ L−1). Incomplete ammonium oxidation was presumably the result of the low concentration of carbonate alkalinity (∼2 mg ⋅ L−1), which may cause a limitation in the ammonium oxidation rate of nitrifiers. Low carbonate alkalinity levels may have been
the result of stripping of CO2 from the first aeration pond at the high aeration rates and low pH. Various chemodenitrification mechanisms are discussed
as the reason for the reduction in the inorganic nitrogen load, including; the reduction of nitrite by iron (II) (producing
various forms of gaseous nitrogen); and reactions involving nitrous acid. It is suggested that the accumulation of nitrite
may be the result of inhibition of nitrite oxidizers by nitrous acid and low temperatures. Relative to the first aeration
pond, the speciation and concentration of inorganic nitrogen was stable in the wetlands and 2nd aeration pond. The limited
denitrification in the wetlands most probably occurred due to low concentrations of organic carbon, and short retention times. 相似文献