Use of hydrodynamic models for the management of the Danube Delta wetlands: The case study of Sontea-Fortuna ecosystem

Due to its high biodiversity the Danube Delta, in Romania, is recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Natural Site and it is listed as a RAMSAR wetland. The Danube River variable discharges have a great impact on the habitats and the overall ecological status of the delta. One of its most vulnerable parts, from both hydrodynamic and morphological point of view is the Sontea-Fortuna wetland located in the upstream of the Danube Delta. Sontea-Fortuna wetland is susceptible to both floods and droughts. On a long term, decision makers in the area need to know which measures to implement and how these will impact/improve the environment.This article presents how a 3D hydrodynamic model can be used as support for making sound decisions regarding the management of deltaic ecosystems. In particular, the methodology is applied on the Sontea-Fortuna wetland. The case study is part of a wider research in the area, which was developed within the EnviroGRIDS EU FP7 research project. EnviroGRIDS aimed at building capacity for scientists, decision-makers and the general public in the Black Sea Catchment, through collection and sharing of environmental data and models at the basin scale.     

Modelling algal blooms in the Dutch coastal waters by integrated numerical and fuzzy cellular automata approaches

In this paper, an integrated numerical and fuzzy cellular automata model was developed to predict possible algal blooms in Dutch coastal waters basing on the irradiance, nutrients and neighbourhood conditions. The numerical module used Delft3D-WAQ to compute the abiotic conditions, and fuzzy cellular automata approach was applied to predict the algal biomass that was indicated by chlorophyll a concentration. The simulated results of year 1995 were compared with that from BLOOM II model, and the advantages, disadvantages as well as future improvement were presented. In general, through this study, it is seen that the integrated modelling deserves more research inputs because: (1) the hydrodynamic processes and nutrients concentrations can be simulated in details by numerical method; (2) the irregular and sparse water quality and biological data, and the empirical knowledge from experts can be explored by the fuzzy logic technique; (3) the spatial heterogeneity, local interactions and the emerge of patchiness could be well captured through the cellular automata paradigm.     

基于Delft3D模型的三峡航道环保疏浚水质数值模拟研究

以忠县皇华城河段为例,利用Delft3D数学模型对三峡航道环保疏的水质变化进行了数值模拟。结果表明:疏浚工程的进行对河道水质环境影响比较明显,随水流方向污染物质量浓度上升速率变慢,在疏浚点污染物质量浓度上升245 mg/L,疏浚点下方4 km处污染物质量浓度上升约为20 mg/L,河段末端污染物质量浓度上升约为14 mg/L;疏浚工程结束后,河段的水体水质能够较快得到恢复,离疏浚点越近恢复得越快,疏浚结束1 d后污染物质量浓度基本已恢复到本底值,疏浚工程对水环境的影响可以较快得到恢复。     

贾鲁河郑州段污染源与水质响应关系的模拟研究

以贾鲁河郑州段为研究对象,建立其污染源与水质响应关系的二维EFDC模型。首先,采用Delft3D针对贾鲁河郑州城区段建立了曲线正交网格,基于2014年上半年污染源流量数据和河流水文数据模拟该段河流流场,利用实测值率定河道糙率,采用2014年下半年数据对河流水动力模型进行验证;其次,在河流水动力模拟的基础上,以COD为主要指标构建水质模型,同样采用2014年上半年数据对模型进行率定,用2014年下半年数据进行模型验证;最后对模型建立结果进行了总结分析。     

近岸海域多环芳烃生态系统动力学模型及生境影响

利用生态动力学模型Delf3D,对大连葫芦山湾海域多环芳烃(PAHs)在海洋中的理化及生态动力学过程进行耦合,并以大连葫芦山湾实际监测数据及相关文献资料为基础,确定了一套适用于该近岸海域PAHs生态动力学过程的特征参数,模拟研究了PAHs在近岸海域生态动力学过程.以浮游植物生长率作为指示近岸海域生态系统健康程度的指标,将PAHs含量的数值模拟结果与浮游植物生长率的动力学响应方程相拟合,定量的评估了PAHs对海洋生态系统的影响.结果显示:排污口选址于水深大、流速快、水动力强处,对PAHs污染物扩散、水质改善具有显著作用,反之造成PAHs大规模富集.PAHs富集作用对该湾生境影响较显著,湾顶水动力作用微弱,浮游生物生长率削减度高达18%.ArcGIS分析显示,浮游生物生长率削减程度与PAHs时空分布并不完全一致,体现海湾生态系统的动力复杂性与结构稳固性.     

双SBR脱氮除磷工艺的数学模型分析

应用ASM2和Delft代谢模型,结合双SBR(A2-SBR)脱氮除磷系统的特点,建立了数学模拟器,并将其运用于双SBR脱氮除磷系统运行特性的动力学分析.主要探讨了不同泥龄、碳氮比、碳磷比对系统的影响,并从模型的角度进行了分析.结果表明,利用ASM2和Delft代谢模型结合所建立的数学模拟器可以对双SBR(A2-SBR)脱氮除磷系统进行模拟.双SBR中具有脱氮除磷功能的A2-SBR的运行参数是关键因素,最佳污泥龄为9～12d时,碳氮比为3.75左右,碳磷比大于15条件下,双SBR运行正常,能得到较好的处理效果.当系统在泥龄大于12d条件下运行时,由于PAO储存了大量的聚合态磷(XPP/XPAO接近0.5)造成除磷效率降低.同样的原因也导致了碳磷比值低于15时,PAO的聚磷反应变慢或停止.