FeⅡ(EDTA)络合协同RDB去除NO废气效能及过程分析

为进一步提高一氧化氮(NO)的去除效率,在新型生物转鼓反应器(rotating drum biofilter,RDB)中,以FeⅡ(EDTA)络合协同RDB生物转鼓的耦合技术强化难水溶性NO的气液传质速率,提高生物还原效能为目标进行了研究.结果表明,适量FeⅡ(EDTA)被添加到RDB底部营养液后,能迅速吸收气相中的NO并生成FeⅡ(EDTA)-NO络合物,进而可通过反硝化实现同步脱氮和络合剂再生.在转速0.5 r.min-1、空床停留时间(EBRT)57.7 s、温度30℃、pH 7～8的实验条件下,RDB的净化效能随络合剂的投加而显著改善;FeⅡ(EDTA)质量浓度从0增至500 mg.L-1后,NO去除率从61.1%提高到97.6%,去除负荷从16.2 g.(m3.h)-1上升到26.7 g.(m3.h)-1.分析了FeⅡ(EDTA)络合协同净化NO的反应过程,建立了NO净化效率与FeⅡ(EDTA)添加浓度的关联方程,可较好地拟合实验数据.     

烟气羽流时空混沌行为的耦合映象格子模型研究

为研究烟气羽流的时空混沌行为,本文从烟气羽流的N-S动量方程出发,根据浮力羽流的半经验公式,对方程中相应的项进行替代、化简,然后无量纲化,得到了以烟气羽流的动量通量m为系统状态矢量的单向耦合映象格子模型.计算了不同参数变化时,耦合周期窗口的时空行为发展,并且进行了李雅普诺夫指数λ计算.分析表明,开放系统中的烟气羽流会出现形态的多重性,包括时空混沌行为.这是由于烟气羽流系统内各种非线性作用的相互影响,也就是方程粘性项、浮力项和惯性项作用强弱对比的变化,以及系统行为发展的不可逆性所导致.     

简单实用安全驱动电路的设计

本文通过对CCD驱动信号的分析，设计出一种简单实用的安全CCD驱动电路，它既不需要设计同步电呼，又可方便地与计算机相连，具有安全，简单，廉价，体积小等特点。     

Three-dimensional numerical modeling and characterization of two-stage and multilayer thermoelectric couples

The two-stage thermoelectric couple (TE couple) and the multilayer TE couple are proposed and their output performance is compared with the conventional TE couple in this paper. Three dimensional (3-D) numerical and finite element models are established for these three types of TE couples which are analyzed in the ANSYS Workbench environment. Simulation results show that the output voltage and the current of the two newly designed TE couples increase in a certain extent than those of the conventional device before the load resistance reaches a critical value, however, the multilayer TE couple has the best performance. Similar conclusions can be drawn from the results of comparisons with the maximum output power and the maximum heat conversion efficiency between different types of TE couples. When thicknesses of the intermediate ceramic substrate and the intermediate copper conductor change, the output performance of the two newly-designed types of TE couples can be improved further. The maximum output power and the maximum heat conversion efficiency of the multilayer TE couple increase by 71.15% and 14.87%, respectively, when compared with those for the conventional device under certain conditions. Therefore, the multilayer TE couple has the potential to be one of the future development directions of TE couple structures.     

大震前后暴雪灾害发生机理与预测指标初探

在中国西部大震发生前后冬、春雨季常伴随雪灾。本文根据地气耦合原理着重探讨大震前、大震时和大震后雪害发生的机理和预测雪害的指标,由此探讨由地震活动性指标预测雪害的可能性。     

在水平荷载作用下不规则建筑结构的弹塑性反应综述

建筑结构在强震作用下的变形通常进入非弹性阶段,特别是不规则建筑结构,由于平动与扭转耦合效应使之在强震作用下的弹塑性更为复杂。因此,这方面的研究还存在相当大的难度,当前并没有形成较为一致的结论。本文着重探讨了建模、刚度偏心、质量偏心和强度偏心等因素对不规则建筑结构弹塑性反应的影响,对不规则建筑结构的弹塑性反应做了简要评述,指出文献中存在分歧和矛盾的主要原因,以便为更深入地开展不规则建筑的地震反应分析做必要的准备。     

湿热对复合材料粘接修理裂纹铝合金板疲劳性能的影响

目的 研究湿热对复合材料粘接修理结构疲劳性能的影响.方法 在表面处理工艺中分别选择KH550和AC130两种偶联剂,设计制备一系列复合材料粘接修理试样.在温度为55℃、相对湿度为98％的环境试验箱中湿热处理72 h.测试湿热前后复合材料粘接修理结构的疲劳性能.结果 复合材料粘接修理后,采用KH550、AC130修理试样的疲劳寿命分别是未修理试样的4.3、5.2倍.湿热处理后,相较于未修理试样,采用KH550的修理试样,疲劳寿命提高了3.8倍,而采用AC130的试样为4.6倍.结论 湿热处理导致粘接界面和复合材料补片的性能下降,从而造成疲劳性能降低.采用AC130偶联剂比采用KH550偶联剂能够获得更好的疲劳性能,且湿热后,其疲劳性能下降较少.采用AC130的试样,其裂纹扩展速率比较低.     

钛合金和95~#钢的电偶腐蚀研究

目的研究3%(以质量分数计)NaCl溶液中钛合金与95#钢的面积比以及它们之间的偶对间距对95#钢的电偶腐蚀行为。方法测量不同阴阳极面积比和不同偶对间距的电偶电流密度、电偶电位曲以及钢的腐蚀速率。结果偶对间距从24 mm减少到12 mm,降低50%,而腐蚀速率约增加34~45倍。结论电偶腐蚀速率随阴阳极面积比的增大而升高,随着偶对间距的增大而降低。     

Cystic fibrosis: selecting the prenatal screening strategy of choice

Cystic fibrosis is a serious disorder. Research into the treatment of affected individuals is in progress, but a cure is not expected in the near future. In this review, we demonstrate that prenatal screening for cystic fibrosis meets the requirements for a worthwhile screening programme. We explain the reasons that have led us to conclude that one approach (‘couple screening’) is the method of choice. The couple-based approach calls for reporting results to the couple as a unit. Only if both parents are found to be carriers is the result designated screen-positive and an amniocentesis or chorionic villus sampling offered. This offers a substantial reduction in the proportion of women with unaffected pregnancies with positive results (the false-positive rate) compared with other methods without reducing the detection of affected pregnancies. It also avoids creating a screen-positive group for which no definitive diagnosis is available. This is a problem with other screening methods. The couple method can achieve a 72% detection rate for a 0.1% false-positive rate. The screening method is simple, non-invasive, reliable, safe and reasonably cost effective. Existing programmes have shown that screening using this method is acceptable to health care professionals and patients. Setting up a national prenatal screening programme for cystic fibrosis is timely and should be implemented using the couple screening method. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

新疆伊犁特克斯河山口水库中的材料制品腐蚀研究

目的了解不同涂层体系及金属材料在新疆伊犁特克斯流域的腐蚀行为,为特克斯河流域水利开发提供设计依据。方法通过实地投放金属涂层制品、涂层体系及金属材料,并按周期取样观察对比。结果获得了8种金属涂层、14种金属与封闭涂层、5种富锌涂料体系、10种复合涂层体系、2种碳钢材料和5种不同不锈钢和碳钢面积比偶合件0.5,2 a的试验结果。结论喷锌层是该水库中最适合的金属涂层;环氧封闭是表现最好的封闭涂层;环氧富锌是最好的富锌底漆;氯化橡胶、环氧沥青、环氧面漆、无溶剂耐磨环氧表面良好,适合用作面漆;脂肪族聚氨酯面漆、氟碳面漆不适合用于水下;可复涂聚氨酯用作面漆应视涂层体系谨慎使用;碳钢腐蚀速率和不锈钢与碳钢偶合件面积比之间存在显性的线性关系,不锈钢比例越大,碳钢腐蚀速度越快;镀锌层对钢丝绳有明显的保护作用,比未镀锌钢丝绳腐蚀较轻。