Debromination of decabromodiphenyl ether by organo-montmorillonite-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron：Preparation, characterization and influence factors

An organo-montmorillonite-supported nanoscale zero-valent iron material(M-NZVI) was synthesized to degrade decabromodiphenyl ether(BDE-209). The results showed that nanoscale zero-valent iron had good dispersion on organo-montmorillonite and was present as a core-shell structure with a particle size range of nanoscale iron between 30–90 nm, characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, XRF, ICP-AES, and XPS. The results of the degradation of BDE-209 by M-NZVI showed that the efficiency of M-NZVI in removing BDE-209 was much higher than that of NZVI. The efficiency of M-NZVI in removing BDE-209 decreased as the pH and the initial dissolved oxygen content of the reaction solution increased, but increased as the proportion of water in the reaction solution increased.     

有机蒙脱石填充PDMS膜分离水相有机物的渗透汽化研究

以乙醇、乙酸的水溶液为渗透汽化分离对象，将CTAB柱撑蒙脱石作为填充剂，制备了填充型PDMS(聚二甲基硅氧烷)膜，研究填充膜对乙醇／水及乙酸／水体系的渗透汽化分离，结果表明，蒙脱石的吸附特性及其层间柱撑通道可以明显改善PDMS膜的选择性和通量，填充膜分离乙醇或乙酸的分离效果明显不同，对可能存在的渗透汽化分离机理进行了探讨。     

HDTMA改性蒙脱土对土壤Cr(Ⅵ)的吸附稳定化研究

以钠基蒙脱土为原料,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(HDTMA)为改性剂,制备了系列有机蒙脱土改性材料,并将其用于Cr(Ⅵ)污染土壤的稳定化处理研究.红外光谱、X射线粉末衍射、扫描电镜、氮气吸附脱附、阳离子交换量以及电动电位等表征结果表明,随着HDTMA投加量的增加,蒙脱土层间距从1.25 nm增加到2.13 nm,表面粗糙度下降,比表面积从38.91m~2·g~(-1)降低到0.42 m~2·g~(-1),可交换的阳离子数量从62 cmol·kg~(-1)降低到9.9 cmol·kg~(-1),且表面电性由-29.1 m V升高到5.59m V.毒性浸出实验结果表明,材料的有效性与土壤初始Cr(Ⅵ)浓度、蒙脱土的投加量、养护时间以及HDTMA的改性量均有关.随着HDTMA改性量的增加,有机改性蒙脱土对Cr(Ⅵ)的物理吸附作用下降而对污染物的静电作用增强,静电吸附作用是改性蒙脱土对土壤Cr(Ⅵ)的稳定化效果增强的主要原因.     

Adsorption and characterization of MCPA on DDTMA- and raw-montmorillonite: Surface sites involved

The 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxy acid (MCPA) is an herbicide widely used in agriculture, which generates a great concern about contamination of surface water and serious consequences for human health and the environment. In this work, the adsorption of MCPA on an Argentine montmorillonite (MMT) and its organo-montmorillonite product (OMMT) with different dodecyl trimethyl ammonium loading was investigated. MCPA adsorption on OMMT increases at least 3 times, with respect to the amount determined for MMT. X-ray diffraction and zeta potential analyses indicated the inner (interlayer) and outer surface participate as adsorption sites. Changes in surface electric charge and also interlayer expansion suggest that dimethyl amine (MCPA counterion) was also surface-adsorbed. The larger aggregates of OMMT, without and with MCPA, obtained compared to those of MMT samples, generate an improvement in the coagulation efficiency. This property, particularly after MCPA retention, allows an easier separation of the solids from the solution and enables a simple technological process application.     

Biobased Epoxy/Layered Silicate Nanocomposites: Thermophysical Properties and Fracture Behavior Evaluation

The biobased epoxy containing epoxidized linseed oil (ELO) and its clay nanocomposites were processed with an anhydride curing agent. The certain amount of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol F (DGEBF) was replaced by ELO. The selection of the DGEBF, ELO, an anhydride curing agent, and organo-montmorillonite clay resulted in an excellent combination, to provide new biobased epoxy/clay nanocomposites showing high elastic modulus, high glass transition temperature, and high fracture toughness with larger amount of ELO. Izod impact strength was almost constant while changing the amount of ELO. This is a promising result for future applications in different engineering industries.     

功能季铵盐改性蒙脱土吸附刚果红染料

以1,3-双[二(2-羟乙基)十二烷基溴化铵]丙烷(12-3-12(OH))对钠基蒙脱土(Na-Mt)进行插层改性,制备了有机蒙脱土(OMt).采用FTIR、XRD和SEM等方法对用不同改性剂用量改性的OMt进行了表征,考察了吸附剂用量和体系pH对OMt吸附刚果红(CR)性能的影响,并探究了其吸附规律.表征结果显示:O...