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对1992年连续十二个月的二氧化硫监测数据的分析,掌握了二氧化硫随时间的变化规律。对间断采样频率的代表性作出结论。 相似文献
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Policy-makers and public participation analysts face the question of who should be involved in environmental decision-making. Participants are often representatives of organized groups who share similar demographic and other characteristics. This raises concerns about the degree to which the interests and opinions of others are represented. The research presented here investigates the nature and degree of differences in environmental attitudes, specifically those toward water resource management efforts, among people who do and do not participate in place-based groups in metropolitan Portland, Oregon. Neighborhood associations and a watershed council were the focus of this research due to their involvement in land-use planning and resource activities. Thirty-four individual attitudinal judgments were evaluated, along with four indices representing attitudes toward resource protection goals, government, regulations, and economic measures. Survey findings revealed watershed council participants were more supportive of resource protection compared to others on all attitudinal dimensions except anthropocentric goals. In contrast, neighborhood association participants are relatively representative of non-participants except for heightened support for economic strategies. Participants in both groups exhibited higher socioeconomic status than non-participants. Written survey comments highlighted the perceived value of on-the-ground projects incorporating local input and feedback while interviews provided insights on how to expand participation in place-based groups and resource protection efforts. 相似文献
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Despite the popularity of marine protected areas (MPAs) as a management tool, increasing evidence shows that many fail to
achieve conservation objectives. Although several MPAs exist in Sri Lanka, most are not managed, and resource extraction and
habitat degradation continue unabated. At present, the declaration and management of MPAs is carried out without adequate
consideration of the ecology, socioeconomic realities, or long-term management sustainability. Managers have focused more
toward the creation of new legislation and protected areas rather than ensuring the implementation of existing regulations
and management of existing protected areas. Poor coordination and a lack of serious political will have also hindered successful
resource management. As in other developing countries, MPA managers have to contend with coastal communities that are directly
dependant on marine resources for their subsistence. This often makes it unfeasible to exclude resource users, and MPAs have
failed to attract necessary government support because many politicians are partial toward the immediate needs of local communities
for both economic and political reasons. A more integrated approach, and decisions based on the analysis of all relevant criteria
combined with a concerted and genuine effort toward implementing strategies and achieving predetermined targets, is needed
for effective management of MPAs and the sustainable use of marine resources in Sri Lanka. 相似文献
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