Surfer软件在环境质量综合评价中的应用

在介绍Surfer软件的基本原理和主要操作步骤的基础上,结合广东省中山市近年各类环境监测数据,说明利用Surfer软件制作大气污染物等值分布图及地表水监测断面水质达标情况图的过程,并探讨其中需注意的问题。利用Surfer软件制作环境质量专题图件,有助于提高环境质量综合评价的时效性和直观性,具有良好的推广意义。     

A new approach of drawing airport noise contours on computer based on Surfer

Noise contours are used to describe the extent of airport noise pollution and to plan land use around airports. The LWECP, (weighted equivalent continuous perceive noise level) recommended by ICAO( International Civil Aviation Organization) is adopted as airport noise rating parameter in this paper. With the help of various mathematical models in the software Surfer, noise contours can be drawn automatically by the completed program in Visual C Code. Corrections for thrust, velocity, atmospheric temperature, humidity and lateral ground attenuation are also considered in the new method, which can improve the efficiency of drawing contours. An example of its use for drawing noise contours of an airport in Zhejiang Province of China is proposed and the predictions and the measurements show agreements well.     

Location and Characterization of Emission Sources for Airborne Volatile Organic Compounds Inside a Refinery in Taiwan

This study aimed to locate VOC emission sources and characterized their emitted VOCs. To avoid interferences from vehicle exhaust, all sampling sites were positioned inside the refinery. Samples, taken with canisters, were analyzed by GC–MS according to TO-14 method. The survey period extended from Febrary 2004 to December 2004, sampling twice per season. To interpret a large number of VOC data was a rather difficult task. This study featured using ordinary application software, Excel and Surfer, instead of expensive one like GIS, to overcome it. Consolidating data into a database on Excel facilitated retrieval, statistical analysis and presentation in the form of either table or graph. The cross analysis of the data suggested that the abundant VOCs were alkanes, alkenes, aromatics and cyclic HCs. Emission sources were located by mapping the concentration distribution of these four types of VOCs in terms of contour maps on Surfer. During eight surveys, five emission sources were located and their VOCs were characterized.     

Surfer软件和AutoCAD在污染场地调查及风险评估中的应用

在场地调查和风险评估报告中需要描述污染物分布和确定土壤修复区域和范围，目前对此无统一的技术要求，不同案例使用的技术方法不同。今提出将 Surfer软件和 AutoCAD结合使用生成等值线图件，以及据此确定污染土壤修复范围的方法，并基于某搬迁化工厂初步土壤调查及风险评估的案例介绍了操作步骤。旨在介绍2个专业软件联用的新功能的开发和使用技巧，为编制场地调查和风险评估报告提供一种便捷、易操作的工作方法。     

基于瓦斯抽采钻孔的煤层隐伏小构造预测

探明煤层的展布情况和隐伏的地质构造对煤矿的安全生产至关重要。基于大量的瓦斯抽采钻孔的数据,提出了利用瓦斯抽采钻孔预测煤层隐伏构造的方法。通过现场记录钻孔基础数据,运用全角全距法求出钻孔在煤层(顶)底板控制点三维坐标,并建立数据库;利用Surfer数据内插和图形处理功能,绘制煤层顶(底)板三维模型、等值线图和残差图,实现煤层的可视化;根据等值线的疏密异常变化圈出煤层中存在的隐伏构造位置,采用数学地质分析方法判断隐伏构造的类型。通过在古汉山矿1603工作面的试验,证明该方法预测煤层隐伏构造切实可行。     

基于Surfer的机场噪声等值线计算机绘制方法

以国际民航组织(ICAO)推荐的计权等效连续感觉噪声级(LWECPN)为评价参数,利用Visual C++编程,直接调用等值线绘制工具Surfer中的各种数学模型,实现噪声等值线绘制的自动化.并以浙江省某机场为实例绘制了噪声等值线图,该方法大大提高了绘图的效率,预测值与实测值的误差约为1.6～2.6dB.     

白洋淀污染现状空间分布规律可视化分析

选用2012年为现状年,运用Surfer软件对白洋淀主要污染物浓度的现状分布、富营养化程度分布及其趋势面进行可视化分析。结果表明:白洋淀大部分淀区的营养盐污染、有机污染以及富营养化程度都相当严重,污染程度由西向东逐渐减轻,其中入淀控制监测断面的污染最严重;白洋淀的污染主要由入淀河流排污产生的点源污染所致,应对白洋淀入淀河流污染进行严格治理;利用Surfer软件制图结果表述简单直观,为白洋淀水质污染状况的表征和评价提供了一种新的尝试。     

基于GIS和Surfer的工业点源大气污染扩散模拟

采用组件GIS和Surfer,建立了基于高斯扩散的大气污染扩散预测系统,用以模拟工业点源污染对区域大气质量的影响,实现了工业点源下风向预测点污染物浓度的准确预测,并将生成的大气污染物扩散等值线图在MapObjects中与影响区的电子地图进行叠加,直观地显示了每个区域受此工业点源污染的程度,为城市空气环境问题的管理和决策提供了科学的依据.