长江经济带绿色水资源效率时空分异研究——基于SE-SBM与ML指数法

长江经济带作为全球最大的内河流域经济带,是我国"新常态"经济发展的重要新引擎。为确保以"黄金水道"为依托的长江经济带健康发展,应着力打造沿江绿色发展轴,重视生态保护及污染治理,尤其是水资源利用的可持续化。将长江经济带沿线11个省市作为研究对象,基于经济-环境-社会可持续绿色发展的理念建立SE-SBM模型,定量分析2002～2016年长江经济带绿色水资源效率时空变化,并利用ML指数方法探讨绿色水资源效率影响因素。研究表明:(1)长江经济带绿色水资源效率随时间出现轻微下降趋势,区域性差异明显,上、下游均出现不同程度的效率值下降,中游稳定于较低水平,形成水资源效率"上游下游中游"的格局;(2)重庆、贵州、上海3个地区平均水资源利用率达到DEA有效,浙江、江西、湖北效率值处于较低水平,江苏、云南水资源利用效率波动明显;(3)技术进步指数是影响水资源效率的主要因素。基于以上研究结果,从打造区域系统性开发,实现经济协调发展;提高技术效率,加大节水技术改造;实施"三水共治",强化水资源管理三方面提出政策建议。旨在促进长江经济带水资源合理开发利用,实现区域经济、社会可持续发展。

Study on Spatial and Temporal Differentiation of Green Water Resources Efficiency in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

The Yangtze River Economic Belt, as the largest economic belt in the river basin in the world, is an important new engine for China’s “new normal” economic development. In order to ensure the healthy development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt, China’s government attaches importance to ecological protection, especially the sustainable utilization of water resources. The 11 provinces and cities along the Yangtze River economic belt were regarded as the research object. Based on the concept of “economic-environment-society sustainable green development”, the SE-SBM model and the ML index were established to quantitatively analyze the efficiency of green water resources during the period 2002~2016. Research showed that: (1) the Yangtze River Economic Belt green water resources efficiency showed a slight downward trend and an obvious regional difference, the upstream basin and downstream basin showed decreased, the middle reaches of the river basin was stable and low;(2) the average water resources in Chongqing, Guizhou, Shanghai, Zhejiang reached the effective rate of DEA, the effective value in Jiangxi, Hubei was at a low level and the water resources utilization efficiency fluctuation in Jiangsu, Yunnan was obvious; (3) the index of technological progress was the main factor affecting the efficiency of water resources. The following suggestions were made in this article: build regional systematic development, realize coordinated economic development, improve the technical efficiency， increase the water saving technology, implement the “three water common governance” and strengthen the management of water resources to promote the rational utilization of water resources in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.