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Tradescantia micronucleus test indicates genotoxic potential of traffic emissions in European cities
Authors:Klumpp Andreas  Ansel Wolfgang  Klumpp Gabriele  Calatayud Vicent  Garrec Jean Pierre  He Shang  Peñuelas Josep  Ribas Angela  Ro-Poulsen Helge  Rasmussen Stine  Sanz Maria José  Vergne Phillippe
Affiliation:Institute for Landscape and Plant Ecology (320), University of Hohenheim, 70593 Stuttgart, Germany. aklumpp@uni-hohenheim.de
Abstract:Urban atmospheres contain complex mixtures of air pollutants including mutagenic and carcinogenic substances such as benzene, diesel soot, heavy metals and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. In the frame of a European network for the assessment of air quality by the use of bioindicator plants, the Tradescantia micronucleus (Trad-MCN) test was applied to examine the genotoxicity of urban air pollution. Cuttings of Tradescantia clone #4430 were exposed to ambient air at 65 monitoring sites in 10 conurbations employing a standardised methodology. The tests revealed an elevated genotoxic potential mainly at those urban sites which were exposed to severe car traffic emissions. This bioassay proved to be a suitable tool to detect local 'hot spots' of mutagenic air pollution in urban areas. For its use in routine monitoring programmes, however, further standardisation of cultivation and exposure techniques is recommended in order to reduce the variability of results due to varying environmental conditions.
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