岷江上游流域水电梯级开发的生态环境需水研究

本文通过分析岷江上游水电梯级开发对生态环境的主要影响,确定维持流域生态平衡的最小生态环境需水量测算方法。经测算,岷江上游的生态环境需水量占流域多年平均流量的6%～33%,越靠近源头,生态环境需水量所占比例越大。建议提高岷江上游生态环境需水量所占比例,将生态环境需水占比超过20%的茂县以上河段设为禁止开发区域,取消禁止开发区域内原规划的6级电站。同时在已建电站坝下和各县域出境断面设置生态流量监控断面,确保流域开发的环境生态平衡。

Research on Eco-environmental Water Demand of Cascade Hydropower Development in the Upper Reaches of Minjiang River

Based on analysis of the effect of the cascade development of hydropower in the upper reaches of Minjiang River on the ecological environment,this paper developed the method to calculate the minimum environmental water demand for maintaining ecological balance.The calculation showed that the water demand of ecological environment of Minjiang River basin accounted for 6%～33% of the annual average flow,the closer to the source of Minjiang River,the greater proportion of the water demand.This paper suggested increasing the eco-environmental water demand of the upper reaches of Minjiang River,and setting the upper reaches of Maoxian as non-development zone where the eco-environmental water demand proportion was more than 20%;crossing off the originally planned 6 hydropower stations in the non-development zone;at the same time,installing flow monitoring points at exit sections of county boundaries to ensure the ecological balance of river basin development.