垃圾焚烧炉飞灰的低温玻璃固化初步研究

在研究我国城市生活垃圾焚烧炉飞灰的毒性特征和高温灼烧特性的基础上，试验了几种常用玻璃熔制助溶剂、烟气净化产物中的成分对飞灰的溶融温度和熔融减量的影响，以实现低温玻璃固化。实验发现受热温度越高、时间越长，飞灰减量越大；B2O3、硼砂、CaF2对飞灰助溶效果明显，而废玻璃、CaO、CaCl2能使悄灰溶融后形成的玻璃态物质地均匀、少孔。按一定比例同时加入硼砂、CaF2、废玻璃、CaO、CaCl2于飞灰中，混合物的熔融温度降到1000℃以下，大大低于飞灰自身的熔融温度（1200℃）。对该熔融物在空气中淬火形成的玻璃态物质按标准方法浸沥，选择测量了浸出液中铅、汞、镉、砷的浓度，初步发现低温玻璃态物质对重金属铅和镉具有较好的固化效果，而对汞有砷的固化效果尚不确定。

Preliminary Study on MSWI Fly Ash Vitrification at Lower Temperature

Domestic municipal solid waste incinerator(MSWI) fly ash has been studied for its toxicity and ignition characteristics at high temperatures, and on these, several melting enhancers used in glassworks and flue gases sorbent and products were tested for their effects on fly ash melting in order to realize fly ash vitrification at lower temperature and mass losses during vitrification process were measured. Experimental results showed that when ignited at higher temperature and in longer time, the mass losses become larger. Boron oxide,borax and CaF2 could enhance melting significantly and are good melting enhancers;ground waste glass powder, CaO and CaCl2 could help to form a uniform non-porous glassed material. When borax,waste glass, CaF2, waste glass powder, CaO and CaCl2 were added aC-cording to certain ratio, melting temperature could be lower than 1000C. Leaching tests were performed to check the produced vitrified matter's solidification/ stabilization effect on the heavy metals, and the re-sults showed that vitrified matter has a good stabilization effect on both Pb and Cd, but present uncertain for As and Hg.