湖北武陵山区旅游系统空间结构研究

基于GIS空间分析技术，从旅游资源、旅游市场、旅游交通3方面对湖北武陵山区旅游系统空间结构进行分析，研究表明：旅游资源分布的空间差异明显，重要旅游资源和A级景区主要沿交通干道和城市周边分布，呈北多南少的分布特点。国内客源市场相对集中，空间近邻性显著；入境客源市场较为分散，美国游客居多；恩施为游客一级集散中心，巴东、利川、长阳为二级集散中心。A级景区整体可达性一般，平均可达时间为4282 min，北部县市可达性总体优于南部县市。湖北武陵山区要通过打造核心品牌，建设旅游市场，增强集散中心作用，构建“恩施-宜昌-张家界”无障碍旅游网络等措施来优化旅游系统空间结构

RESEARCH ON THE SPATIAL STRUCTURE OF TOURISM SYSTEM OF HUBEI WULING MOUNTAIN AREA

The spatial structure of tourism system is an important content of tourism geography and it is very significant to optimize the spatial structure for a region to realize sustainable tourism development. Taking Hubei Wuling Mountain Area as a study case, the article analyzed the tourism system spatial structure of the area from aspects of tourism resources, tourist markets and tourist transportations. The results showed that in the area, the spatial distribution of tourism resources was significantly obvious，and the important tourism resources and A grade scenic spots mainly distributed around Lichuan, Enshi and Badong and along traffic arteries such as the railways, highways and rivers, with more advantages in the northern than in the southern. As for tourist markets, the domestic were mainly concentrated on nearest neighbor regions, especially within Hubei Province, and the overseas were relatively dispersed, but most of overseas tourists were from U.S.A.. In the aspect of tourist distributing centers, the majority of receptive tourists and tourism revenues were mainly come out of such counties/cities as Enshi, Badong, Lichuan and Changyang, and according to the tourist distributing degree, Enshi was defined as the first tourist distributing center, while Badong, Lichuan and Changyang as the second. In terms of accessibility, the accessibility of A grade scenic spots, as a whole, was not good, with an average reachable time of 42.82 minutes, and generally the accessibility of the northern counties/cities was better than that of the southern ones. To optimize the spatial structure of tourism system, we suggest that the Hubei Wuling Mountain Area should make great efforts to forge famous brands of tourist products, to deeply explore the value of cultural tourism resources, to develop the domestic and overseas tourist markets, to strengthen the function of tourist distributing centers, and to establish the barrier free tourism network composed of three important tourist cities Enshi, Yichang and Zhangjiajie by integrating the tourism resources of the whole Wuling Mountain Area (involving three provincial regions of Hubei, Hunan and Chongqing