荆州市地下水动态特征及影响因素分析

利用2008~2011年4年荆州地区36个水位观测孔、30个水质监测孔的连续监测资料，结合地下水补径排条件，分析了该区上部孔隙承压水水位和水质的时空变化特征及其影响驱动因子。结果显示:(1)荆州地下水位动态类型分为自然动态型和人为动态型两种，不同类型地下水水位动态规律在时空分布上有明显差异，呈现出周期性、同步性、特殊性等特点。4167%~50%的监测孔地下水位处于稳定状态，2222%~3611%的监测孔地下水位下降幅度大于02 m，1944%~3611%的监测孔地下水位上升幅度大于02 m，地下水位动态主要受气候条件与人工开采条件影响。(2)荆州地区地下水质不容乐观，整体较差。连续四年均超标的指标有总硬度、亚硝酸盐、氨氮、砷、铁、锰、溶解性固体含量，同时在部分监测点存在超标异常情况，铁、锰、砷的超标与江汉平原区域特有的原生地质环境条件密切相关，而其它组分的超标在很大程度上受到人类活动的影响

CHARACTERISTICS OF GROUNDWATER AND ITS INFLUENCING FACTORS IN JINGZHOU CITY 

In order to develop groundwater resources and the regional economic of Jingzhou area more reasonably, according to the continuous monitoring data of 36 groundwater level observation wells and 30 groundwater quality monitoring wells in Jingzhou region from 2008 to 2011, combined with groundwater recharge runoff discharge conditions, this paper analyzed the spatiotemporal variation characteristics and influencing factors of upper pore confined water level and quality in study area. The results showed as follows. (1) Groundwater level dynamics in Jingzhou City can be divided into natural dynamic type and artificial dynamic type. Different types of groundwater level dynamic law have significant differences in temporal and spatial distribution. These differences present the characteristics of periodicity, synchronization and particularity. Because of a certain variability to the average groundwater level, it is difficult to identify and forecast groundwater level sequence regularity for the over years. The groundwater level of 4167%-50% monitoring holes is in stable state, while 2222%-3611% declines more than 02 m, 1944%-3611% rises more than 02 m. Meanwhile,from the analysis of groundwater level variation characteristics in the south of Jingzhou concentrated pumping area and the Jing cotton Sand cotton concentrated pumping area from the year 2008 to 2011, landing funnel area of the former is between 415-517 km2, the average water level buried depth of funnel center is between 663-778 m, while landing funnel area of the latter is between 1335-2047 km2 and belongs to the seasonal landing funnel, the average water level buried depth of funnel center is between 661-816 m . Weather and artificial exploitation are the main factors causing the present groundwater level regime. (2) Groundwater quality is not optimistic, and the overall is in poor condition. Indexes over standard for four consecutive years are total hardness, nitrite, ammonia nitrogen, arsenic, iron, manganese and soluble solid content. The above indexes are exceeding standard anomaly in part of the monitoring points. The shallow groundwater quality pollution type caused mainly by industrial pollution transformed gradually into diverse types of industrial, agriculture and lake drugs pollution. Over standard of iron, manganese, arsenic has a close relationship with the primary geological environmental conditions in Jianghan plain, but over standard of the other indexes is affected by human economic activities to a great extent such as the widespread use of fertilizers, pesticide pollution and domestic wastewater.