马颊河水系三条河流水质变化及污染物入海通量分析

分析了徒骇河、德惠新河与马颊河2003~2010年入海断面水质变化状况及入海通量的变化趋势。结果表明：徒骇河与德惠新河主要超标污染物为CODCr、CODMn、BOD5、NH3 N、石油类，主要表现为耗氧类有机污染与有机有毒类污染。马颊河主要超标污染物除CODCr、CODMn、BOD5、NH3 N、石油类外，还包括TP与VHB，以上各水质指标浓度分别超过III类水质标准的9、7、12、6、7、9、13倍，表现为耗氧类有机污染、营养盐类污染及有机有毒类污染问题。3条河流中，马颊河污染最为严重。研究期间，除德惠新河的无机无毒类与有机有毒类分类综合污染指数呈一定的上升趋势外，其它类别分类综合污染指数均呈下降趋势，表明3条河流的污染程度有所缓解。徒骇河TN、TP的入海通量总体上呈下降的趋势，其他两条河流污染物的入海通量均有所增加，至2010年，3条河流CODCr、CODMn、NH3 N、TN、TP及石油类入海通量分别为73 871、12 963、1 025、26、69、162 t，16 075、2 997、365、304、13、31 t及51 571、10 801、1 738、626、934、140 t；且3条河流主要污染物入海通量的贡献顺序为徒骇河>马颊河>德惠新河

VARIATIONS OF WATER QUALITY AND POLLUTANT FLUXES FROM TUHAI MAJIA RIVER SYSTEM

Variations of water quality and pollutant fluxes of Tuhai,Dehuixin,Majia Rivers during 2003-2010 were analyzed.Results showed that the major standard exceeding pollutants of Tuhai and Dehuixin River were CODCr,CODMn,BOD5,NH3 N,and petroleum which showed aerobic pollution and toxic organic pollution.The major standard exceeding pollutants of Majia River were CODCr,CODMn,BOD5,NH3 N,petroleum,TP,and VHB,and these water quality indices exceeded the III water quality standard 9,7,12,6,7,9 and 13 times respectively.Majia River showed aerobic pollution,nutrient pollution and toxic organic pollution.For the major standard exceeding pollutants of CODCr,CODMn,BOD5,NH3 N,and petroleum,the average concentrations of the five pollutants of Tuhai,Majia,and Dehuixin Rivers were 42,92,5,255,015 mg/L,80,128,7,215,021 mg/L,179,509,50,717,040 mg/L.Among these three rivers,Majia River has been polluted the most severely.During the study period,for these three rivers,the range of aerobic pollution indices were 48-134，62-226，94-1054,respectively.The range of nutrient pollution indices were 03-180，02-18，22-214,respectively.The range of heavy metal pollution indices were 05-09，06-09，05-09,respectively.The inorganic toxic pollution indices were 07-07，07-50，12-20,respectively.The range of organic toxic pollution indices were 20-60，00-64，538-358,respectively.The inorganic and organic toxic pollution indices of Dehuixin River exhibited an increasing trend,while other pollution indices of pollutants in the three studied rivers were decreased,indicating the pollution condition of the three rivers was relieved.Riverine fluxes of pollutants into sea of three rivers showed an increasing trend during 2006-2010,except TN and TP in the Tuhai River.Fluxes of CODCr,CODMn,NH3 N,TN,TP,and petroleum in Tuhai,Majia,and Dehuixin Rivers were 73 871,12 963,1 025,26,69,162 t,16 075,2 997,365,304,13,31 t，51 571,10 801,1 738,626,934,140 t,respectively. The order of contribution of pollutant fluxes of three rivers was:Tuhai River>Majia River>Dehuixin River.Although with the development of Haihe River Basin pollution prevention and control,the concentrations of pollutants in three rivers were decreased,but the fluxes of major pollutants into sea were still increasing for the increasing of runoff into sea.The increasing of fluxes into sea would have a bad influence on the near shore water body eutrophication and marine ecosystem.So the water pollution prevention and control of Haihe River Basin were still needed to process.The pollutant amount control was needed to implement on the pollutant load discharged by town life source,industrial source and agriculture source.Besides,the pollutant load should be cut according to the cut aim