某钢结构物流中心火灾案例及结构抗火分析

2011年3月,某钢结构物流中心发生火灾,过火面积约7000m2,损失惨重。通过对该例火灾的起因、火势蔓延、结构倒塌进行分析,探讨钢结构建筑防火设计和结构抗火措施。研究结果表明:①钢结构因本身抗火性能差,易垮塌,不利于火灾扑救;②在火灾中钢结构易整体破坏,造成重大损失;③由于未采取防火分隔,扩大了火灾蔓延途径和过火面积,加剧了火灾损失,也加大了火灾扑救难度。为了减轻火灾损失,应当:①合理设置防火分隔;②提高或保证钢柱、钢梁的耐火极限,以提升结构抗火能力;③加强对钢构件和结点的防火保护;④保证自动喷水灭火系统的正常运行,有效实施初期灭火。

Fire Resistance Analysis Based on The Fire Case of The Steel Structural Logistics Center

In March 2011,a logistics center made of steel structure caught fire.With burned area of over 7,000 m2,the fire resulted in heavy losses.This paper analyzes the cause,spread of the fire and collapse of the structure and discusses the fire-proof design and fire-resistance measures for steel structure.Research results show that:(1) fire-resistance property of steel structure is bad and the steel structure is vulnerable to collapse,which leads to many difficulties in fire fighting;(2) steel structure is easy to collapse as a whole during fire,which results in heavy losses;(3) lack of fire compartmentation enhances the spread of fire and enlarges the burned area,which brings added losses and difficulties in fire fighting.As a result,we should:(1) set up fire compartmentation;(2) raise or guarantee the fire duration of steel columns and beams to enhance their fire-resistance capacity;(3) add fire cover to steel structural parts and connections;(4) guarantee the normal performance of automatic sprinkler system for effectively putting off the fire during the initial stage.