人工重建的水生植物群落演替动态研究

水生植物群落在湖泊生态修复过程中作用显著，但目前人工重建的水生植物群落抗外界干扰能力弱，群落稳定性差，这就需要我们对人工重建的水生植物群落结构及其演替的生态学过程进行研究，从而探索受损群落的修复途径。于2003年在富营养化水体中采用物理生态工程进行了水生植物群落的重建研究，对群落演替动态变化过程进行了持续3年的观测。结果表明：水生植物之间发生生态位重叠时，其结果往往是以一个物种取代另一个物种，随着生态位重叠程度下降，种间关系和群落结构趋于稳定；而当物种空间位置错开时，生长期相近的物种共存则变为可能，因此在群落的构建过程中应当避免同时引入生态位重叠较高的物种，应注意植物间时间序列及空间结构的分离；此外还通过物种间的竞争表现，对几种常见水生植物构建的群落稳定性做了初步探讨.

ON DYNAMICS IN THE SUCCESSION OF ARTIFICIAL AQUATIC MACROPHYTE COMMUNITY RECONSTRUCTION

Aquatic macrophyte community plays a very important role in the ecological restoration of lake,while,artificial aquatic macrophyte community is prone to the environmental disturbance and its stability was poor.So,it is important to study the structure and dynamics in the ecological succession of aquatic macrophyte community in order to establish restoration approaches for degraded vegetation communities.In 2003,the rehabilitation of aquatic macrophyte community was studied with physical and ecological engineering in the etrophic lake.The dynamics in the succession of aquatic macrophyte community had been investigated in the past three years.The result showed:only the aquatic macrophyte with wide niche could be introduced into eutrophic water as pioneer plant because of the water characteristic of high pollution and low transparency,as a result,the competition of species became intense so that one species was replaced by another species with their niche overlapping.The enclosure was dominated by one species during the same period.With the decline of niche overlapping,species niche was divided by the competition of species,interspecific relationship and community structure tended to be stable.However,it was possible that the species with similar growth period coexisted if the spatial location of species was separated.So the introduction of aquatic macrophytes with similar niche should be avoided.We should pay attention to the separation of seasonal and special structure of aquatic macrophytes.In addition,the stability of these common aquatic macrophyte communities was discussed by the competition of these species.However,the stability of community was influenced by multiple factors such as algae population,zooplankton population,macrobenthic population,fish population,microorganism population and sediment environment.These factors should be deeply studied in future.