浙北山区土地利用与生态保护的冲突与协调机制研究冲突与协调机制研究——以天目山自然保护区为例

如何既注重生态环境的保护又满足区域经济、社会发展对土地利用的要求，成为当前我国不少地区土地利用中的一个重大课题。位于太湖流域和钱塘江流域源头的浙北天目山区，在土地利用与生态保护之间存在着多种矛盾。通过对浙北天目山地区生态保护与其他土地利用冲突及其协调的机理分析，试图寻找太湖流域上游山区生态保护与土地利用相协调的可选途径，探索自然保护区有效管护与当地经济发展、农民增收相结合的良性发展机制，并提出解决这些冲突的办法：修正保护目标，调整保护政策；建立合理的补偿机制；在不同的功能区施行不同的土地政策；把生态旅游作为解决土地利用冲突的突破口；探索社区共管模式，力争在扩大社区参与的前提下，实现保护区资源的可持续利用。

CONFLICTIVE AND COORDINATE MECHANISM IN LAND USE AND ECOSYSTEM CONSERVATION IN MOUNTAINOUS AREA OF NORTH ZHEJIANG --IN CASE OF TIANMU MOUNTAIN NATURE RESERVE

How to protect ecological environment and to meet the demand of regional socioeconomic development on land use is an important issue in current China. There are various conflicts between land use and nature conservation in Tianmu Mountain in the north part of Zhejiang Province, where exits the common water source of Taihu Lake Catchment and Qiantang River Catchment. By focusing on the analysis of land use conflict, this research tries to find the probable methods and coordinate mechanisms between ecosystem conservation and other land use patterns, so as to conserve the nature reserve effectively and support local development as well as benefit to vicinal peasants. It is suggested that conservation targets should be revised and conservation policies adjusted; a reasonable compensation mechanism established; different land use policies applied in different functional zones in the nature reserve; eco-tourism considered as a breakthrough to land use conflicts; the co-management enhanced between the nature reserve and local community for sustainable utilization of natural resources in the reserve.