高氯酸盐还原颗粒污泥的快速培养及其特性分析

为实现高氯酸盐还原颗粒污泥的快速培养，以反硝化颗粒污泥为接种污泥，对高氯酸盐还原颗粒污泥的快速培养进行了研究。在降低进水硝酸盐($ {rm{NO}}_{rm{3}}^{rm{ - }}$)浓度的同时，采用逐步升高进水高氯酸盐($ {rm{ClO}}_{rm{4}}^{rm{ - }}$)浓度的方法，考察了高氯酸盐还原颗粒污泥培养过程中$ {rm{ClO}}_{rm{4}}^{rm{ - }}$的去除以及颗粒污泥的特性。结果表明：以反硝化颗粒污泥为接种污泥，经过50 d快速培养出高氯酸盐还原颗粒污泥，$ {rm{ClO}}_{rm{4}}^{rm{ - }}$去除速率达96%以上；其混合液悬浮固体浓度(MLSS)为50.68 g·L−1，混合液挥发性固体浓度(MLVSS)为40.58 g·L−1，主要粒径分布在<0.60 mm和1.00~2.00 mm。$ {rm{NO}}_{rm{3}}^{rm{ - }}$浓度逐步降低的培养方式可缓解$ {rm{ClO}}_{rm{4}}^{rm{ - }}$对颗粒污泥中各类微生物的毒性，为高氯酸盐颗粒污泥的快速培养提供了新的方法，具有重要的理论和实践意义。

Rapid cultivation and characteristics of perchlorate reducing granular sludge

For the rapid cultivation of perchlorate reducing granular sludge, denitrifying granular sludge were used as the inoculating sludge. Through gradually reducing nitrate concentration and elevating perchlorate concentration in the influent, the perchlorate ($ {rm{ClO}}_{rm{4}}^{rm{ - }}$) removal and granular sludge characteristics were investigated during the cultivation of perchlorate reducing granular sludge. The results showed that the well-formed perchlorate reducing granular sludge was successfully and rapidly obtained within 50 days, and the removal efficiency of $ {rm{ClO}}_{rm{4}}^{rm{ - }}$ was over 96%. The mixed liquid suspended solids concentration (MLSS) and the volatile solid concentration (MLVSS) were 50.68 g·L−1 and 40.58 g·L−1, respectively. And the main diameter distributed at <0.60 mm and 1.00~2.00 mm. The gradual reduction of nitrate concentration in the influent could alleviate the toxicity of perchlorate to the microorganisms in granular sludge. This study provides a new method for the rapid cultivation of perchlorate reducing granular sludge, and the theoretical and practical reference for the future researches.