Elevated temperature impairs onset of symbiosis and reduces survivorship in larvae of the Hawaiian coral, <Emphasis Type="Italic">Fungia scutaria</Emphasis> |
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Authors: | Email author" target="_blank">C?E?SchnitzlerEmail author L?L?Hollingsworth D?A?Krupp V?M?Weis |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Zoology, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;(2) Hawaii Institute of Marine Biology, University of Hawaii, Kaneohe, HI 96744, USA;(3) Department of Natural Sciences, Windward Community College, Kaneohe, HI 96744, USA |
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Abstract: | Many corals obtain their obligate intracellular dinoflagellate symbionts from the environment as larvae or juveniles. The
process of symbiont acquisition remains largely unexplored, especially under stress. This study addressed both the ability
of Fungia scutaria (Lamarck 1801) larvae to establish symbiosis with Symbiodinium sp. C1f while exposed to elevated temperature and the survivorship of aposymbiotic and newly symbiotic larvae under these
conditions. Larvae were exposed to 27, 29, or 31°C for 1 h prior to infection, throughout a 3-h infection period, and up to
72 h following infection. Exposure to elevated temperatures impaired the ability of coral larvae to establish symbiosis and
reduced larval survivorship. At 31°C, the presence of symbionts further reduced larval survivorship. As sea surface temperatures
rise, coral larvae exposed to elevated temperatures during symbiosis onset will likely be negatively impacted, which in turn
could affect the establishment of future generations of corals. |
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