中国低碳城市热思考:现状、问题及趋势

近年来我国掀起了一股低碳城市建设热潮。但在这股热潮背后,还有许多尚不明晰的问题需要理性思考。围绕低碳城市相关议题,开展了如下5方面工作:①解读低碳城市概念,指出低碳城市建设是一个多目标问题,要以低碳经济为基础,并实现经济发展、生态环境保护、居民生活水平提高等目标的共赢;②概括低碳城市评价指标,指出针对指标还没有建立明确的标准;③从城市规划、低碳政策、生态产业、可持续能源、绿色交通等方面总结了保定、上海、吉林、杭州等城市的低碳建设途径;④分析城市低碳发展现状水平评价结果,指出低碳城市建设还有很大的提升空间;⑤最终在分析低碳城市建设尚存不足的基础上,提出今后需深化认识的几个问题,如不能因低碳而放弃其它城市发展目标,低碳城市建设要因地制宜,低碳城市是一项长期、复杂的系统工程,需各领域专家通力协作,需从系统规划、阶段性方案实施、实施后评估与修订等环节进行全生命周期跟踪管理。希望这些思考能对我国低碳城市建设的顺利推进起到积极作用。

Reflection on Upsurge of Low-carbon Cities in China:Status Quo,Problems and Trends

Nowadays,the construction of low-carbon cities has become very an upsurge in China.However,certain issues are still vague and need to be reflected rationally.Five subjects related to low-carbon cities were reviewed in this paper.1)After interpreting the concept of a low-carbon city,it was pointed out that the low-carbon city construction should be carried out on the basis of low-carbon economy while multiple objectives such as economic development,environmental protection and living standard improvement should be balanced.2)The evaluation indicator of a low-carbon city was summarized for which the criteria has not been clarified yet.3)Low-carbon city construction pathways were collected from various aspects of urban planning,low-carbon policy,ecological industry,sustainable energy,green transport and so on,when choosing typical cities such as Baoding,Shanghai,Jilin and Hangzhou as the cases.4)The evaluation results of urban low-carbon development level were also analyzed,which implies there is still a long way to go for low-carbon city construction.5)Moreover,the issues that deserve attention in future were pointed out,e.g.,the low-carbon objective can not replace all the other urban development objectives;different cities with different conditions should take specific measures to construct a low-carbon city;as a long-term systematic project,the construction of low-carbon city needs cooperation of experts from multiple fields and lifecycle tracking and management during the period of systematic planning,scheme implementation and its effect assessment.It is expected that these ideas will promote smoothly the construction of low-carbon cities in China.