火电项目环境影响评价中污染控制水平分析

针对国家投资体制改革后我国火电迅猛发展的现象,以内蒙古地区作为研究对象,从2004年内蒙古地区拟建的36个火电项目的环境影响报告书中取得有关资料,分析了这些项目的环境影响控制情况,并对内蒙古地区火电发展的区域环境影响进行讨论.结果表明:即使内蒙古地区拟建项目全部建成投产,在火电装机容量增加33.68×106 kW的情况下,SO₂排放量仅增加0.8×104 t/a;通过对城市中水、矿井疏干水的使用,节约新鲜水用量超过1×108 t/a,环境影响评价中对火电项目的SO2总量控制和节约用水控制效果较好.但是内蒙古地区拟建电厂区域累积用水总量很大,将加剧该地区水资源不足问题,而内蒙古地区作为我国能源输出地,需寻求可持续发展道路.建议加快开展规划环境影响评价,并考虑循环经济发展模式. 

Controlling Analysis on the EIA of Thermal Power Industry in China

The phenomenon of rapid thermal power development in China,occurring after the reform of national investment system,was focused on.The Inner Mongolia was chosen as the case study area in which 36 thermal power projects were proposed to carry out in 2004.The authors collected the relevant data from the EIA reports of these proposed projects,analyzed their environmental impact control measures,and discussed their environmental impacts at the regional level.The analyzing results indicate that the total emission control(TEC) of sulfur dioxide emissions and water consumption control measures are feasible.In the condition of the installed capacity increasing by 33.68×10⁶ kW,the amount of SO₂ would only increase 0.8×10⁴(t/a,) although all of the projects would be carried out.By the means of utilization of the urban water and mine drainage,the amount of fresh water saved would exceed 1×10⁸(t/a.)However the proposed thermal power projects demand considerable water supplies,which will worsen the local problem of lacking of water resource.As a major export region of energy resource,the Inner Mongolia deserves the development in a sustainable manner.The suggestion put forward is that the plan EIA should be employed more extensively and the index of circular economy be taken into the consideration.