基于三维福利的城市生态福利强度及驱动模式——以长三角地区为例

基于2000—2017年长三角城市生态消耗和福利水平,分析生态福利强度时空演化过程及驱动模式。研究发现：长三角地区城市生态福利强度不断降低,多以低强度类型为主,城市生态系统服务的生态效率得以提高;空间演化上表现为外围地市的生态福利强度低于核心地市,较低和低强度类型范围呈现由四周向中心地区蔓延态势,中高强度类型主要分布在资源型、工业密集型地市;驱动因素中资源消耗效应、技术效应及福利效应对城市生态福利强度表现为显著的正向驱动效应,效率效应和经济效应的增强导致城市生态福利强度的降低,环境消耗效应和规模效应驱动作用不显著。据此,城市福利生态强度的驱动模式可划分为单因素支配型、双因素主导型、三因素协同型及四因素均衡型。

Urban ecological well-being intensity and driving mode based on three-dimensional well-being:Taking the Yangtze Delta as an example

Through examining the urban ecological consumption and well-being level in the Yangtze River Delta from 2000 to 2017, this study analyzes the temporal and spatial evolution process and the driving model of ecological well-being intensity. The results show that the ecological intensity of well-being in most cities in the study area decreased by varying degrees with most cities having low or medium intensity. An increase in natural capital was required for every percentage point increase in well-being level, and the efficiency of transforming urban ecosystem services into well-being increased to varying degrees. Moreover, the efficiency of social services in generating social well-being was relatively high, so the corresponding amount of necessary natural capital was small. The intensity of environmental well-being first increased and then decreased over the time period. Analysis of spatial evolution shows that the ecological well-being intensity of the peripheral cities was lower than that of the core cities with the range of low intensity types spreading to the central part of the delta within four weeks. However, the medium and high intensity types were mainly distributed in resourcebased and industry-intensive areas. In examining the driving factors of well-being, the resource consumption effect, technical effect, and well-being effect significantly increased urban ecological well-being intensity, while the strengthening of efficiency effect and economic effect decreased it. Additionally, the driving forces of the environmental consumption effect and scale effect were not significant. Furthermore, the driving model of urban well-being ecological intensity can be divided into four types: single-factor dominant, two-factor dominant, three-factor synergistic, and four-factor balanced.