Economic damages of ozone air pollution to crops using combined air quality and GIS modelling |
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| Authors: | Ch. Vlachokostas S.A. Nastis Ch. Achillas K. Kalogeropoulos I. Karmiris N. Moussiopoulos E. Chourdakis G. Banias N. Limperi |
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| Affiliation: | 1. The Cyprus Institute, Energy Environment and Water Research Center, P.O. Box 27456, 1645 Nicosia, Cyprus;2. Max Planck Institute for Chemistry, Atmospheric Chemistry Department, Hahn-Meitnerweg 1, 55128 Mainz, Germany;1. Institute of Ecology, Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;2. ENEA, Via Anguillarese 301, Rome, Italy;3. Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems, National Council of Research, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;4. ENEA, Martiri di Montesole 4, 40129 Bologna, Italy;5. ARGANS, 260 route du Pin Montard, 06410 Biot, France;6. State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;7. International Center for Climate and Global Change Research, School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, USA;8. Isprambiente, via Vitaliano Brancati 48, Rome, Italy;9. Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China;10. National Meteorological Center, China Meteorological Administration, Beijing, 100081, China |
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| Abstract: | This study aims at presenting a combined air quality and GIS modelling methodological approach in order to estimate crop damages from photochemical air pollution, depict their spatial resolution and assess the order of magnitude regarding the corresponding economic damages. The analysis is conducted within the Greater Thessaloniki Area, Greece, a Mediterranean territory which is characterised by high levels of photochemical air pollution and considerable agricultural activity. Ozone concentration fields for 2002 and for specific emission reduction scenarios for the year 2010 were estimated with the Ozone Fine Structure model in the area under consideration. Total economic damage to crops turns out to be significant and estimated to be approximately 43 M€ for the reference year. Production of cotton presents the highest economic loss, which is over 16 M€, followed by table tomato (9 M€), rice (4.2 M€), wheat (4 M€) and oilseed rape (2.8 M€) cultivations. Losses are not spread uniformly among farmers and the major losses occur in areas with valuable ozone-sensitive crops. The results are very useful for highlighting the magnitude of the total economic impacts of photochemical air pollution to the area’s agricultural sector and can potentially be used for comparison with studies worldwide. Furthermore, spatial analysis of the economic damage could be of importance for governmental authorities and decision makers since it provides an indicative insight, especially if the economic instruments such as financial incentives or state subsidies to farmers are considered. |
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