Historical deposition of mercury and selected trace elements to high-elevation National Parks in the Western U.S. inferred from lake-sediment cores |
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| Authors: | M Alisa Mast David J Manthorne David A Roth |
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| Institution: | 1. Laboratoire M2C, UMR CNRS 6143, University of Rouen, 76821 Mont Saint Aignan, France;2. Laboratoire URESTE, University of Masuku, Franceville, Gabon;3. Laboratoire ISTO, UMR CNRS 7327, University of Orléans, 45071 Orléans, France;4. Laboratoire HydroSciences Montpellier, UMR IRD 5569, University of Ngaoundéré, Cameroun;5. Department of Earth Sciences, University Abdou Moumouni, Niamey, Niger;6. Laboratoire Chrono-Environnement, UMR CNRS 6249, University of Franche-Comté, Besançon, France;7. Laboratoire ArTeHis, UMR CNRS 6298, University of Bourgogne, Dijon, France;8. Laboratoire ArScAn, UMR CNRS 7041, University of Paris 1, Paris, France;9. Laboratoire Bioemco, UMR IRD 211, Niamey, Niger;10. Laboratoire LISA, UMR CNRS 7583, University of Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France;1. Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USA;2. School of the Environment, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99163, USA;3. Fish and Wildlife Department, Colville Confederated Tribes, Nespelem, WA 99155, USA;4. Gantzer Water Resources Engineering LLC, Kirkland, WA 98034, USA;5. EcoAnalyst, Inc., Moscow, ID 83843, USA;1. State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 73 East Beijing Road, 210008 Nanjing, PR China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049 Beijing, PR China;3. College of Geography and Environment, Shandong Normal University, 250014 Ji''nan, PR China;4. Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University, Palisades, NY 10964, USA;5. School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, 210044 Nanjing, PR China;1. University of California—Santa Cruz, USA;2. National Atmospheric Deposition Program, University of Illinois — Urbana Champaign, USA;3. U.S. Geological Survey, Mounds View, MN, USA;4. Meteorological Service of Canada, Environment Canada, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada;5. University of Nevada, Reno, USA;6. Electric Power Research Institute, Palo Alto, CA, USA |
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| Abstract: | Atmospheric deposition of Hg and selected trace elements was reconstructed over the past 150 years using sediment cores collected from nine remote, high-elevation lakes in Rocky Mountain National Park in Colorado and Glacier National Park in Montana. Cores were age dated by 210Pb, and sedimentation rates were determined using the constant rate of supply model. Hg concentrations in most of the cores began to increase around 1900, reaching a peak sometime after 1980. Other trace elements, particularly Pb and Cd, showed similar post-industrial increases in lake sediments, confirming that anthropogenic contaminants are reaching remote areas of the Rocky Mountains via atmospheric transport and deposition. Preindustrial (pre-1875) Hg fluxes in the sediment ranged from 5.7 to 42 μg m?2 yr?1 and modern (post-1985) fluxes ranged from 17.7 to 141 μg m?2 yr?1. The average ratio of modern to preindustrial fluxes was 3.2, which is similar to remote lakes elsewhere in North America. Estimates of net atmospheric deposition based on the cores were 3.1 μg m?2 yr?1 for preindustrial and 11.7 μg m?2 yr?1 for modern times. Current-day measurements of wet deposition range from 5.0 to 8.6 μg m?2 yr?1, which are lower than the modern sediment-based estimate of 11.7 μg m?2 yr?1, perhaps owing to inputs of dry-deposited Hg to the lakes. |
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