Impact of particle emissions of new laser printers on modeled office room |
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| Authors: | Antti J. Koivisto Tareq Hussein Raimo Niemelä Timo Tuomi Kaarle Hämeri |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, FI-00250 Helsinki, Finland;2. University of Helsinki, Department of Physics, Division of Atmospheric Sciences, PO Box 64, FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland;3. The University of Jordan, Department of Physics, Amman, 11942 Jordan;1. Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute, Curtin University, U1987, Perth 6845, WA, Australia;2. Fluid Dynamics Research Group, Curtin University, U1987, Perth 6845, WA, Australia;3. Atmospheric Environment Research Centre (AERC), Griffith University, Nathan 4111, QLD, Australia;1. Institute of Nuclear Physics PAN (IFJ PAN), Krakow, Poland;2. Department of Medical Physics, The Maria Sk?odowska-Curie Memorial Cancer Centre and Institute of Oncology, Warsaw, Poland;1. Department of Environmental Engineering Sciences, Engineering School of Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA;2. Environmental Health and Safety, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA;3. Department of Neurosurgery, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA;4. Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA;1. Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, IL, USA;2. Civil, Architectural and Environmental Engineering, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA;1. Department of Work Environment, University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA, USA;2. Department of Environmental Health, Center for Nanotechnology and Nanotoxicology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA;3. R J Lee Group, Inc., Monroeville, PA, USA;4. Wisconsin State of Hygiene Laboratory, 2601 Agriculture Drive, Madison, WI, USA |
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| Abstract: | In this study, we present how an indoor aerosol model can be used to characterize particle emitter and predict influence of the source on indoor air quality. Particle size-resolved emission rates were quantified and the source’s influence on indoor air quality was estimated by using office model simulations. We measured particle emissions from three modern laser printers in a flow-through chamber. Measured parameters were used as input parameters for an indoor aerosol model, which we then used to quantify the particle emission rates. The same indoor aerosol model was used to simulate the effect of the particle emission source inside an office model. The office model consists of a mechanically ventilated empty room and the particle source. The aerosol from the ventilation air was a filtered urban background aerosol. The effect of the ventilation rate was studied using three different ventilation ratios 1, 2 and 3 h?1. According to the model, peak emission rates of the printers exceeded 7.0 × 108 s?1 (2.5 × 1012 h?1), and emitted mainly ultrafine particles (diameter less than 100 nm). The office model simulation results indicate that a print job increases ultrafine particle concentration to a maximum of 2.6 × 105 cm?3. Printer-emitted particles increased 6-h averaged particle concentration over eleven times compared to the background particle concentration. |
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