Study on dissolved organic carbon in precipitation in Northern China

Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was measured in 483 precipitation samples collected at 10 sites in Northern China from December 2007 to November 2008. The annual volume-weighted mean (VWM) concentrations and wet deposition fluxes of DOC for 10 sites ranged from 2.4 to 3.9 mg C/L and 1.4 to 2.7 g C m^?2 yr^?1, respectively. The proportion of DOC to total organic carbon (TOC) was 79% on average, suggesting that a significant fraction of TOC was present as insoluble particulate organic carbon. Due to intensive domestic coal use for house heating and smaller dilution of scavenged organic carbon, higher VWM concentrations of DOC were observed during winter and spring than during summer and autumn. When precipitation events were classified via air mass back-trajectories, the mixed trajectories from SE and NW always corresponded to significantly higher DOC than those from SE or NW alone, coinciding with the centre of a low pressure system moved eastward and the wind direction changed from southeast to northwest. The results also showed that each site had a similar seasonal variation for DOC wet deposition flux. The largest flux occurred during the rainy season, and the lowest flux appeared during winter months. The product of the TC/DOC ratio and the DOC flux yielded an average TC wet deposition flux of 3.2 g C m^?2 yr^?1 in Northern China, accounting for 8.6% and 22% of the carbon sink magnitude (37 g C m^?2 yr^?1) in terrestrial ecosystems and anthropogenic carbon emissions (14 g C m^?2 yr^?1), respectively. This indicates that atmospheric wet deposition of TC is a significant carbon flux that cannot be neglected in regional models of the carbon cycle, and should be considered along with dry deposition in the removal mechanism for carbon from regional atmosphere.