锦州湾表层沉积物正构烷烃特征参数研究

研究了锦州湾沉积物中正构烷烃的含量、组成特征、特征比值及其来源.采集18个站位的表层沉积物样品,经正己烷/二氯甲烷（体积比1∶1）混合液索氏提取、净化浓缩后进行GC-MS分析.结果表明,正构烷烃含量（Σn-Alk）范围1.9～4.2μg.g-1,平均值2.6μg.g-1,各个站位组成特征相似,都表现为双峰型,显示了陆源与海源双重贡献特征.ΣC25～31贡献值为20%～32%,短/长链比值L/H均值为0.67,C31/C19均值3.06,类脂物比值TAR均值为2.02,3个参数显示锦州湾沉积物外来源陆源贡献值要大于海洋源,特别是2、3和7站位受到陆源河流输入影响较大.碳优势指数CPI范围1.19～2.63,均值1.73,接近于1;姥鲛烷和植烷比值Pr/Ph为0.91～1.28;样品中普遍存在不可分离化合物UCM,U/R比值为2.2～4.3,此3个参数显示出13和15站位有石油输入特征.多种特征参数比值综合分析表明该海域受到了陆源输入和石油烃污染的威胁,这可能与锦州湾地区河流排污、港口航运有关.

Normal Alkanes Characteristic Parameters of Jinzhou Bay Surface Sediments

The concentration, composition and characteristic parameters of 18 surface sediment samples collected from Jinzhou Bay were studied. The samples were soxhlet-extracted with a mixture of 1: 1 (V/V) dichloromethane-hexane and analyzed by GC-MS after purification and concentration. Concentrations of n-alkanes vary from 1.9 to 4.2 microg x g(-1) with an average value of 2.6 microg x g(-1) dry weight. n-Alkanes distribution patterns of all positions were characterized by double peak-cluster, which means double sources from terrestrial and marine origin. The sum of nC25 to nC31 accounts for 20%-32% of the total n-alkanes, while the average value of L/H, C31/C19, TAR ratio are 0.67, 3.06, 2.02, respectively. All of these three indices suggest that the terrestrial contributions are higher than marine sources, especially for No. 2, 3 and 7 stations, which were influenced by riverinput nearby. Carbon Preference Index (CPI) ranges from 1.19 to 2.63 with an average value of 1.73, which is close to 1; the ratio of Pristane/Phytane (Pr/Ph) and unresolved/resolved compounds (U/R) range from 0.91 to 1.28, 2.2 to 4.3, respectively. All of these three parameters indicate that No. 13 and 15 stations are influenced by petroleum pollution. Comprehensive analysis of various parameters shows that Jinzhou Bay is threatened by both terrestrial inputs and petroleum hydrocarbons contaminations, which may relate to river discharging and port shipping in Jinzhou Bay.