中国部分城市水环境中TFA的初步研究

三氟乙酸（trifluoroacetic acid,TFA）是稳定且有潜在毒害性的有机污染物,可在水环境中不断累积导致浓度持续升高,从而引起生态健康风险.本研究通过在全国16个城市采集自来水、河水、湖水等环境水样43个,用衍生化法-气相色谱-质谱联用技术检测水环境中TFA的浓度水平.结果表明,所有采样点的水样中均可检出TFA,浓度范围为13.7～7 850 ng.L-1,不同城市水环境中TFA的浓度差异显著.上海环境水中TFA浓度最高,自来水和河水中TFA的浓度分别为3 054 ng.L-1和7 850ng.L-1.TFA的地域分布显示位于华东地区的上海、安徽、山东烟台等地水环境中TFA水平明显高于其它城市.华东地区是中国氟化工业比较集中的区域,氟化工业生产过程直接或间接地排放氟化物对环境TFA的源贡献,很可能是这一地区城市水环境中TFA偏高的主要原因.

Prelimary Study of TFA in Surface Water of Some Cities over China

Trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) is a stable organic pollutant with potential toxicity. The accumulation of TFA in water environment results in elevated concentration and also leads to ecological health risk. In this study, a total of 43 water samples, including tap water and surface water, were collected in 16 cities all over China. TFA in these water samples was pretreated through derivatization and analyzed by Gas Chromatography equipped with Mass Spectroscopy Detector. The results showed TFA was detectable in all water samples ranged from 13.7 ng·L^-1 to 7850 ng·L^-1, and the values notably varied from city to city. Shanghai had the highest TFA concentration, with 3054 ng·L^-1 in tap water and 7850 ng·L^-1in river water respectively. Spatial distribution analysis displayed that several areas in eastern China, like Shanghai, Anhui province, and Yantai in Shandong province, had relatively higher TFA concentrations as compared to other cities. The fluorochemical industrial area centralizes in eastern China, from which the direct or indirect emission of fluorochemicals as a source of TFA likely resulted in higher TFA concentrations in water environment in relevant areas.