青岛市表面土壤Cu的形态分布及潜在生态危害评价

研究了青岛市不同功能区表层土壤Cu的含量及其化学形态分布,并采用Hakanson潜在生态危害指数法对土壤中Cu的潜在生态危害进行评价。结果表明,Cu的含量为23.84-114.86 mg/kg,平均值为52.03 mg/kg,污染程度为工业区〉居民区〉风景区〉商业区〉农业区；土壤中Cu的化学形态总的分布趋势为：残渣态〉有机结合态〉铁锰氧化物结合态〉碳酸盐结合态〉可交换态,生物可利用态含量较低；青岛市表面土壤的Cu污染处于中等到强污染之间,达到轻微生态危害水平。

Chemical Form and Distribution of Cu and Its Potential Ecological Risk in Urban Superficial Soil of Qingdao

The content chemical form and distribution of Cu in superficial soil in different functional areas of Qingdao was studied, and Hǎkanson＇ s Potential Ecological Risk Index was used to assess the Potential Ecological Risk of Cu in soil. The results revealed that the average content of Cu in soil was 52.03 mg/kg, ranging from 23.84 to 114.86 mg/ kg. The degree of the heavy metal contamination was in the order： industrial zone 〉 residential zone 〉 tourist zone 〉 commercial zone 〉 suburban agricultural zone. The general distribution trend of the chemical form of Cu was residual fraction 〉 organic phase 〉 Fe-Mn oxides 〉 carbonates 〉 exchangeable form. The content of bioavailable copper in soil was low. The contamination of Cu in superficial soil of Qingdao was between strong and medium degree, as well as the risk in its bioavailability was low.