特大城市集群绿色发展与生态足迹关联特征

本文以成渝城市群、长江中游城市群和长三角城市群为研究对象，解析不同空间尺度下绿色发展与生态足迹时空变化特征，并结合耦合协调度模型、环境库兹涅茨曲线（EKC）理论探究绿色发展与生态足迹的关联特征。研究表明，长江经济带城市群2000—2015年绿色发展水平逐年提升，约16.44%的城市达到较高水平，空间上呈现“东部高、西部低”的特征。人均三维生态足迹增长逐渐趋缓，成渝城市群达到峰值（5.21hm²）后逐年稳定下降。长江经济带绿色发展与生态足迹处于良好协调状态，绿色经济的快速发展带动了耦合协调度的提高。绿色发展与生态足迹存在倒“ U”形EKC曲线关系，由于自然资源基础和产业结构差异，成渝城市群（拐点出现在2008年）绿色发展与生态足迹协调关系好转早于中下游城市群（拐点分别在2019年、2012年）。四川、安徽应作为降低资源消耗的重点对象，未来应进一步加强区域中心城市的辐射带动作用，拉动周围城市提高绿色发展水平。研究成果能为区域绿色发展与生态环境协同管理提供思路与理论支持。

Associative Characteristics Between Green Development and Ecological Footprint in Mega-urban Agglomerations

In this study, the spatial-temporal variations of green development and ecological footprint under different spatial dimension were analyzed in the urban agglomeration in Cheng-Yu district (UAC), middle reaches of the Yangtze River (UAM), and urban agglomeration of the Yangtze River Delta (UAD). The associative characteristics between green development and ecological footprint was then explored based on coupling coordination model and Environmental Kuznets Curve theory. Results revealed that the green development level of the Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) urban agglomeration increased year by year from 2000 to 2015, and among 16.44% of cities reached a relatively high level. High- and low-level green development level mostly could be observed in the eastern and western area of YREB, respectively. The per capita three-dimensional ecological footprint growth in the YREB gradually tended to be steady, but it decreased stably year by year after reaching the peak value (5.21 hm²) in the UAC. Additionally, the relation between green development level and ecological footprint in the YREB generally belonged to relatively coordination, and the rapid development of green economy drove up the coupling coordination degree. Moreover, there was an inverted U-shaped Environmental Kuznets Curve relation between green development and ecological footprint in the YREB. Due to the differences in natural resource foundation and industrial structure, the improved performance of Environmental Kuznets Curve relation was earlier in the UAC (the inflection points in 2008) than that in the UAM and UAD, with the inflection points in 2019 and 2012, respectively. Sichuan and Anhui should be the key objects to reduce resource consumption, and the regional central cities should be further strengthened radiation driving effect to promote the green development for surrounding cities. These findings can be in support for regional green development and ecological environment coordination management.