煤矿区土地修复的生态系统服务功能改善研究

采用3S技术,对我国典型的煤炭资源枯竭型城市石嘴山市煤炭开采区的生态修复前后的生态系统服务进行了分析。采用2001年与2011年两期LandsatETM和TM遥感影像图的人工解译与变化监测,分析了煤矿区的土地利用覆盖变化。并通过建立响应的评价指标体系,对其成功的治理煤矸石山,改造塌陷区,建立煤矿地质公园,将塌陷区改善为生态湿地等活动的生态系统服务功能变化进行了全面定量化评价。研究表明,通过10年的土地修复,采矿迹地的生态恢复能够提高其生态系统服务功能10倍左右,尤其是环境美学功能受到社会广泛认同。

Effects of Land Remediation on Ecosystem Service Function Improvement in Coal Mining Subsidence Area

In this paper, we use 3S technologies to study the change of ecosystem service function after ecological remediation of coal mining area in Shizuishan city, which is the typical coal resources exhausted city. By interpreting and monitoring the Landsat ETM and TM remote sensing images in 2001 and 2011, the changes of land use and land cover in coal mining area are analyzed. We build a comprehensive index evaluation system to quantitatively assess the improvement of ecosystem service function after the implementation of land remediation, such as improvement of gangue heap and subsidence area, construction of coal mine geological park, transformation of subsidence area into wetland. The results show that after ten years of land remediation, the ecosystem service function of coal mining area has improved 10 times, especially for the environmental aesthetics function, which have also achieved widespread social recognition.