重点工业行业碳排放现状与减排定位分析

基于企业样本数据和省级数据库,本文对中国电力、钢铁及水泥行业进行碳排放量核算、排放集中度分析、达峰情况分类及脱钩状态判断,并通过聚类分析方法判断各省份在减排行动中的定位。结果表明,全国钢铁及水泥行业碳排放量在2014年后增长明显放缓,电力行业碳排放量持续上升;在省级层面,电力、钢铁及水泥行业分别有15个、7个及12个省份碳排放量仍在快速增长;在空间分布上,电力行业碳排放呈现"东高西低",钢铁行业碳排放集中在河北周边,水泥行业碳排放呈现"南高北低中部突出";时间趋势上,各省份电力行业和水泥行业逐渐实现碳排放量与产品产量之间的脱钩,在产量增长的情况下碳排放量增长减缓甚至降低,各省份钢铁行业碳排放量与产量之间的脱钩状态则较为多样化。

The Carbon Emission Status and Emission Reduction Positioning of Key Industrial Sectors

Ecological assets play an important role in supporting the sustainable development of mankind. There is of great academic and practical significance to scientifically account for ecological assets and establish ecological compensation mechanisms. Starting from clarifying the concept and scope of ecological assets, this paper reviewed the research progress of ecological assets accounting methods and ecological compensation mechanisms, and then proposed relevant suggestions for future research. This study suggested that, first, strengthening the research in the field of urban ecological assets, especially from the perspective of spatial transfer and metabolism of ecological assets; Second, comprehensively integrating macro and micro methods, which help to quantify the stocks and flows of ecological capital and describe the spatial circulation pathway and metabolic network of ecological capital; Third, thoroughly analyzing preferences of key stakeholders and establishing market-based ecological compensation mechanism, which provide important theoretical references and empirical evidences for the sustainable use of ecological assets.