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Seasonal trends of atmospheric nitrogen dioxide and sulfur dioxide over North Santa Clara, Cuba |
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| Authors: | Daniellys Alejo Mayra C. Morales Jorge B. de la Torre Ricardo Grau László Bencs René Van Grieken Piet Van Espen Dismey Sosa Vladimir Nuñez |
| Affiliation: | 1. Departamento de Química, Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas, Carretera a Camajuaní Km 5.5, Santa Clara, Cuba 2. Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas, Carretera a Camajuaní Km 5.5, Santa Clara, Cuba 3. Centro de Estudio de Informática, Universidad Central “Marta Abreu” de Las Villas, Carretera a Camajuaní Km 5.5, Santa Clara, Cuba 4. Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610, Antwerp, Belgium 5. Institute for Solid State Physics and Optics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 49, 1525, Budapest, Hungary 6. Centro de Estudios Ambientales de Cienfuegos, Carretera a Castillo de Jagua Km ?, Ciudad Nuclear, Cienfuegos, Cuba 7. Centro Meteorológico Provincial de Villa Clara, Marta Abreu No. 57 (altos) e/ J.B. Zayas y Villuendas, Santa Clara, Cuba |
| Abstract: | Atmospheric nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) levels were monitored simultaneously by means of Radiello passive samplers at six sites of Santa Clara city, Cuba, in the cold and the warm seasons in 2010. The dissolved ionic forms of NO2 and SO2 as nitrate and sulfite plus sulfate, respectively, were determined by means of ion chromatography. Analysis of NO2 as nitrite was also performed by UV–Vis spectrophotometry. For NO2, significant t tests show good agreement between the results of IC and UV–Vis methods. The NO2 and SO2 concentrations peaked in the cold season, while their minimum levels were experienced in the warm season. The pollutant levels do not exceed the maximum allowable limit of the Cuban Standard 39:1999, i.e., 40 μg/m3 and 50 μg/m3 for NO2 and SO2, respectively. The lowest pollutant concentrations obtained in the warm season can be attributed to an increase in their removal via precipitation (scavenging) while to the decreased traffic density and industrial emission during the summer holidays (e.g., July and August). |
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