环境规制对区域技术创新影响的门槛效应

实现环境规制和经济增长之间"双赢"的关键在于环境规制能否促进企业技术创新。本文在环境规制强度和企业技术创新之间构建了数理模型,并基于区域异质性假定检验了我国环境规制与技术创新的非线性关系并确定了环境规制的最优规制水平。研究表明:环境规制强度与技术创新是非线性的。在强度维度上,环境规制强度和企业技术创新之间符合"U"型关系,即随着环境规制强度的由弱变强,对企业技术创新产生先降低后提高的影响。环境规制的创新效应还取决于经济发展水平的变量。经济发展水平则存在双门槛,经济发展水平跨越的门槛值越高,环境规制对技术创新的促进作用越显著。本文政策涵义明显:政府切忌走入盲目提高环境规制强度的误区,应根据各区域现实特点,有针对性地制定差异化的环境规制强度和标准,并注重滚动修订,及时调整至最优水平。

The Threshold Effect of Environmental Regulation on Regional Technological Innovation

The key to promoting technological innovation is to achieve a "double-win" between environmental regulation and economic growth.The paper constructs a mathematical model between the intensity of environmental regulation and enterprises’ technological innovation,empirically tests the nonlinear relationship between environmental regulation intensity and technology innovation,and determines the optimal level of regulation intensity.The result indicates that the intensity of environmental regulation and technology innovation shows a "U" type relationship.Only when the environmental regulation intensity crosses a single threshold value,Porter hypothesis can be achieved,which means a U-type relationship between the environmental regulation intensity and technological innovation.There exist two economic development level thresholds.The higher the GDP is,the more significant the role in promoting technological innovation.The policy implication is obvious: Government should put forward differentiated intensity of environmental regulation based on the reality of regional characteristics,and focus on rolling revision adjusted to the optimal level.