钻井井喷失控因素分析及预防对策

井喷失控是钻井中的灾难性事故,有必要开展井喷失控研究,找到井喷失控发生的原因和提出防止井喷失控的对策。在统计分析1970年到2009年间中石油发生在钻进过程中的48例井喷失控事故的基础上,通过对防喷器、节流压井管汇、套管、井喷后爆炸起火等井喷失控因素分析,并利用MLS法对上述各种井喷失控因素危险值进行评估。最后,根据井喷失控因素分析和危险值评估结果,结合现有的钻井井控设计,提出了防止钻井井喷失控的对策。

Analysis on factors and preventive action for drilling uncontrollable blowout

Uncontrolled blowout is the catastrophic accident in drilling engineering. Therefore it is necessary to carry out the research on uncontrolled blowout, so as to find the reasons of uncontrolled blowout and propose the pre- venting countermeasures. 48 cases of uncontrolled blowout accident occurred in the drilling process during 1970 to 2009 were summarized and analyzed. Through the analysis on the factors which caused uncontrolled blowout , such as BOP, kill manifold, throttle manifold, casing andexplosion and fire after blowout, the MLS method was applied to access their risk values. The factors which induced uncontrolled blowout were found out, and an evaluation method was developed to access the risk valuesof uncontrolled blowout factor. Finally some countermeasures to prevent drilling uncontrolled blowout were put forward.