Work domain analysis for air traffic controller weather displays |
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Authors: | Ahlstrom Ulf |
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Institution: | NAS Human Factors Group, Federal Aviation Administration, William J. Hughes Technical Center, Bldg. 28, Atlantic City International Airport, Atlantic City, NJ 08405, USA. ulf.ahlstrom@faa.gov |
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Abstract: | INTRODUCTION: Adverse weather conditions have a major impact on National Airspace System (NAS) operations. They create safety hazards for pilots, constrain the usable airspace for air traffic control (ATC), and reduce the overall capacity of the NAS. A system-wide dissemination of weather information to controllers could theoretically improve safety and efficiency. PROBLEM: However, it is currently unclear what weather information would be beneficial for tactical operations. Furthermore, no previous research has empirically evaluated optimal presentation designs for ATC weather displays. Ill-designed weather displays can cause safety hazards by presenting redundant information (i.e., by increasing the cognitive load) and display clutter (e.g., by interfering with the visual extraction of traffic data). METHOD: In the present paper, we outline our use of cognitive work analysis (CWA) techniques for the assessment of weather information needs for terminal controllers. RESULTS: Specifically, we describe how the CWA modeling tools helped us reveal instances in the terminal domain where weather information is lacking or insufficiently disseminated. We used our CWA results to drive the development of weather display concepts and to set up a high-fidelity simulation capability. IMPACT ON INDUSTRY: By means of high-fidelity simulations, we can empirically evaluate controller weather information needs in order to propose weather displays for increased aircraft safety and efficiency of terminal operations. |
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Keywords: | ACE-IDS Automated Surface Observing System Controller Equipment-Information Display System ASOS Automated Surface Observing System ATC Air Traffic Control CARTS Common ARTS Display CIWS Corridor Integrated Weather System CWA Cognitive Work Analysis DASI Digital Altimeter Setting Indicator DESIREE Distributed Environment for Simulation Rapid Engineering and Experimentation FAA Federal Aviation Administration FSS Flight Service Station GA General Aviation IDS Information Display System ITWS Integrated Terminal Weather System MIAWS Medium-Intensity Airport Weather System NAS National Airspace System RVR Runway Visual Range SAWS Stand Alone Weather Sensors STARS Standard Terminal Automation Replacement System TDWR Terminal Doppler Weather Radar VFR Visual Flight Rules WSP Weather Systems Processor |
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