Desiccation of contaminant barrier materials amended with aqueous carboxymethyl cellulose solution |
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Authors: | Hilary I Inyang Sunyoung Bae Jai-Young Lee Kyoung Joo Park |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of North Carolina-Charlotte, 9201 University City Blvd., Charlotte, USA;(2) Department of Chemistry, Seoul Women’s University, 126 Gongreung-Dong, Nowon-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea;(3) School of Environmental Engineering, University of Seoul, 90 Jeonnong-Dong, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea; |
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Abstract: | The stabilization potential of negatively charged sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) solution was assessed through investigation
of its retention on clays under environmental conditions that promote soil desiccation. Sodium montmorillonite and kaolinite,
commonly used in clayey soils, were mixed with aqueous CMC solutions in concentrations ranging from 0 to 10 g/L. These samples
were dried in a specially-designed desiccation chamber which was operated at a temperature of 25°C and relative humidity of
30%. The results show an inverse proportionality between liquid loss and CMC concentration. Liquid loss from clayey soil follows
the first-order reaction with a rate constant in the range of 4.6–6.7 mg/h. CMC half-lives on sodium montmorillonite during
desiccation ranged from 103 to 181 h for an aqueous concentration range of 0.5–10 g/L compared to 108 h for distilled water.
For kaolinite, more liquid was retained at 10 g/L CMC concentration than at other concentrations, but liquid retention was
generally insignificant. These conclusions are valid for a desiccation duration of 890 h, a time that is reasonably simulative
of the duration of exposures of bare ground surfaces to weather elements. The experimental results are explained in terms
of the role of CMC molecular interactions with clay minerals in controlling fluid flow to desiccating clay surfaces. |
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