太湖湖滨湿地降解有机物兼性厌氧菌群的筛选及其降解效果

利用梯度间歇曝氧新技术，从太湖湖滨湿地沉积物中筛选出高效降解有机物的土著兼性厌氧菌群，分离纯化、鉴定出优势菌，并研究了接种兼性厌氧菌对湖滨湿地微生物群落结构及有机物降解效果的影响.结果表明，筛选出的兼性厌氧菌群中没有严格好氧菌或严格厌氧菌混杂，筛选后期对沉积物中TOM的去除率为21%.分离出优势菌FA4，FA10和FA14，其16S rDNA鉴定结果分别为Pseudomonas sp.，Flavobacteriaceae bacterium和Haematobacter sp..分别接种优势菌及混合菌群后的湖滨湿地沉积物中兼性厌氧菌数和菌活性ETS值比对照组显著增高.对照组兼性厌氧菌菌群数〔lg(MPN/g)，以干质量计，其中MPN为最大概率可能数量〕和ETS(以INTF计，干质量)值分别为4.9和85 μg/(g·2 h)，而试验组的兼性厌氧菌菌群数都在5.4以上，ETS值都在240 μg/(g·2 h)以上.筛选出的兼性厌氧菌及菌群能很好地适应环境，有效降解有机物，7 d内将湖滨湿地沉积物中的BOD₅降低了90%以上，而未接种的对照组仅减少了56%；其TOM去除率是对照组的2.0～2.6倍，3 d内对照组TOM去除率为5%，而FA4，FA10，FA14和菌群(FAG)试验组TOM去除率分别为10%，13%，10%和12%. 

Isolation and Degradation Effect of Facultative Anaerobic Flora with High Efficiency Organic Matter Biodegradation from Near-Shore Wetland in Taihu Lake

A facultative anaerobic flora with high efficiency in organic matter biodegradation was isolated from the near-shore wetland in Taihu Lake using a new gradient intermittent oxygen exposure technology.The dominant bacteria were isolated and identified.The microbial population structure was measured during the biodegradation period,and the organic matter removal rates were calculated.The results showed that there were nearly no obligatory anaerobic bacteria or obligatory aerobic bacteria in the screened facul...